Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Summa phytopathologica (Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-54052006000400001 |
Resumo: | The etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponically-grown crops are reviewed with emphasis on knowledge and concepts considered important for managing the disease in commercial greenhouses. Pythium root rot continually threatens the productivity of numerous kinds of crops in hydroponic systems around the world including cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, spinach, lettuce, nasturtium, arugula, rose, and chrysanthemum. Principal causal agents include Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium dissotocum, members of Pythium group F, and Pythium ultimum var. ultimum. Perspectives are given of sources of initial inoculum of Pythium spp. in hydroponic systems, of infection and colonization of roots by the pathogens, symptom development and inoculum production in host roots, and inoculum dispersal in nutrient solutions. Recent findings that a specific elicitor produced by P. aphanidermatum may trigger necrosis (browning) of the roots and the transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic infection are considered. Effects on root rot epidemics of host factors (disease susceptibility, phenological growth stage, root exudates and phenolic substances), the root environment (rooting media, concentrations of dissolved oxygen and phenolic substances in the nutrient solution, microbial communities and temperature) and human interferences (cropping practices and control measures) are reviewed. Recent findings on predisposition of roots to Pythium attack by environmental stress factors are highlighted. The commonly minor impact on epidemics of measures to disinfest nutrient solution as it recirculates outside the crop is contrasted with the impact of treatments that suppress Pythium in the roots and root zone of the crop. New discoveries that infection of roots by P. aphanidermatum markedly slows the increase in leaf area and whole-plant carbon gain without significant effect on the efficiency of photosynthesis per unit area of leaf are noted. The platform of knowledge and understanding of the etiology and epidemiology of root rot, and its effects on the physiology of the whole plant, are discussed in relation to new research directions and development of better practices to manage the disease in hydroponic crops. Focus is on methods and technologies for tracking Pythium and root rot, and on developing, integrating, and optimizing treatments to suppress the pathogen in the root zone and progress of root rot. |
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Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectivesleprosiscitrusCiLV-CCiLV-NBrevipalpus sppThe etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponically-grown crops are reviewed with emphasis on knowledge and concepts considered important for managing the disease in commercial greenhouses. Pythium root rot continually threatens the productivity of numerous kinds of crops in hydroponic systems around the world including cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, spinach, lettuce, nasturtium, arugula, rose, and chrysanthemum. Principal causal agents include Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium dissotocum, members of Pythium group F, and Pythium ultimum var. ultimum. Perspectives are given of sources of initial inoculum of Pythium spp. in hydroponic systems, of infection and colonization of roots by the pathogens, symptom development and inoculum production in host roots, and inoculum dispersal in nutrient solutions. Recent findings that a specific elicitor produced by P. aphanidermatum may trigger necrosis (browning) of the roots and the transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic infection are considered. Effects on root rot epidemics of host factors (disease susceptibility, phenological growth stage, root exudates and phenolic substances), the root environment (rooting media, concentrations of dissolved oxygen and phenolic substances in the nutrient solution, microbial communities and temperature) and human interferences (cropping practices and control measures) are reviewed. Recent findings on predisposition of roots to Pythium attack by environmental stress factors are highlighted. The commonly minor impact on epidemics of measures to disinfest nutrient solution as it recirculates outside the crop is contrasted with the impact of treatments that suppress Pythium in the roots and root zone of the crop. New discoveries that infection of roots by P. aphanidermatum markedly slows the increase in leaf area and whole-plant carbon gain without significant effect on the efficiency of photosynthesis per unit area of leaf are noted. The platform of knowledge and understanding of the etiology and epidemiology of root rot, and its effects on the physiology of the whole plant, are discussed in relation to new research directions and development of better practices to manage the disease in hydroponic crops. Focus is on methods and technologies for tracking Pythium and root rot, and on developing, integrating, and optimizing treatments to suppress the pathogen in the root zone and progress of root rot.Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia2006-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-54052006000400001Summa Phytopathologica v.32 n.4 2006reponame:Summa phytopathologica (Online)instname:Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologiainstacron:GPF10.1590/S0100-54052006000400001info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSutton,John CliffordSopher,Coralie RachelleOwen-Going,Tony NathanielLiu,WeizhongGrodzinski,BernardHall,John ChristopherBenchimol,Ruth Lindaeng2007-01-11T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0100-54052006000400001Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/sphttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpsumma@fca.unesp.br1980-54540100-5405opendoar:2007-01-11T00:00Summa phytopathologica (Online) - Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologiafalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
title |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
spellingShingle |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives Sutton,John Clifford leprosis citrus CiLV-C CiLV-N Brevipalpus spp |
title_short |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
title_full |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
title_fullStr |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
title_sort |
Etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponic crops: current knowledge and perspectives |
author |
Sutton,John Clifford |
author_facet |
Sutton,John Clifford Sopher,Coralie Rachelle Owen-Going,Tony Nathaniel Liu,Weizhong Grodzinski,Bernard Hall,John Christopher Benchimol,Ruth Linda |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Sopher,Coralie Rachelle Owen-Going,Tony Nathaniel Liu,Weizhong Grodzinski,Bernard Hall,John Christopher Benchimol,Ruth Linda |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Sutton,John Clifford Sopher,Coralie Rachelle Owen-Going,Tony Nathaniel Liu,Weizhong Grodzinski,Bernard Hall,John Christopher Benchimol,Ruth Linda |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
leprosis citrus CiLV-C CiLV-N Brevipalpus spp |
topic |
leprosis citrus CiLV-C CiLV-N Brevipalpus spp |
description |
The etiology and epidemiology of Pythium root rot in hydroponically-grown crops are reviewed with emphasis on knowledge and concepts considered important for managing the disease in commercial greenhouses. Pythium root rot continually threatens the productivity of numerous kinds of crops in hydroponic systems around the world including cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, spinach, lettuce, nasturtium, arugula, rose, and chrysanthemum. Principal causal agents include Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium dissotocum, members of Pythium group F, and Pythium ultimum var. ultimum. Perspectives are given of sources of initial inoculum of Pythium spp. in hydroponic systems, of infection and colonization of roots by the pathogens, symptom development and inoculum production in host roots, and inoculum dispersal in nutrient solutions. Recent findings that a specific elicitor produced by P. aphanidermatum may trigger necrosis (browning) of the roots and the transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic infection are considered. Effects on root rot epidemics of host factors (disease susceptibility, phenological growth stage, root exudates and phenolic substances), the root environment (rooting media, concentrations of dissolved oxygen and phenolic substances in the nutrient solution, microbial communities and temperature) and human interferences (cropping practices and control measures) are reviewed. Recent findings on predisposition of roots to Pythium attack by environmental stress factors are highlighted. The commonly minor impact on epidemics of measures to disinfest nutrient solution as it recirculates outside the crop is contrasted with the impact of treatments that suppress Pythium in the roots and root zone of the crop. New discoveries that infection of roots by P. aphanidermatum markedly slows the increase in leaf area and whole-plant carbon gain without significant effect on the efficiency of photosynthesis per unit area of leaf are noted. The platform of knowledge and understanding of the etiology and epidemiology of root rot, and its effects on the physiology of the whole plant, are discussed in relation to new research directions and development of better practices to manage the disease in hydroponic crops. Focus is on methods and technologies for tracking Pythium and root rot, and on developing, integrating, and optimizing treatments to suppress the pathogen in the root zone and progress of root rot. |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2006-09-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-54052006000400001 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-54052006000400001 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0100-54052006000400001 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Summa Phytopathologica v.32 n.4 2006 reponame:Summa phytopathologica (Online) instname:Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia instacron:GPF |
instname_str |
Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia |
instacron_str |
GPF |
institution |
GPF |
reponame_str |
Summa phytopathologica (Online) |
collection |
Summa phytopathologica (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Summa phytopathologica (Online) - Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
summa@fca.unesp.br |
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1754193415237533696 |