Rotavirus vaccination in Brazil: effectiveness and health impact seven years post-introduction

• Autor(a) principal: Linhares, Alexandre da Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Outros Autores: Justino, Maria Cleonice Aguiar
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá)
• Texto Completo: https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/3278
• topic: Infecções por Rotavirus / prevenção & controle; Vacinas contra Rotavirus; Intussuscepção / epidemiologia; Vacinação; Programas de Imunização; Análise de Sobrevida; Brasil / epidemiologia

Before vaccine introduction in Brazil, rotavirus caused approximately 650,000 outpatient visits, 92,000 hospitalizations and 850 deaths annually among children aged 5 years. Brazil was one of the first countries to introduce rotavirus vaccination into the National Immunisation Program (NIP), in 2006, but estimated coverage (87.1 percent) for 2011 remained lower if compared with other routine immunizations (95 percent). Case-control studies reached effectiveness rates as high as 85 percent. Observational studies showed a significant reduction in gastroenteritis-related hospitalizations and deaths among children aged 1 year, at rates as high as 48 and 54 percent, respectively. There was a significant increase in the relative prevalence of G2P[4] genotype after vaccine introduction, reaching 100 percent of strains in some settings. A small increase in intussusception incidence was seen within 1 week following the second vaccine dose, but benefits far outweigh any potential risk. This article provides an in-depth review of postlicensure studies conducted in Brazil 7-year postintroduction.