Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 1973 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | spa |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá) |
Texto Completo: | https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/2559 |
Resumo: | One of the things that makes leishmaniasis of the Western Hemisphere a particularly enigmatic disease is lack of knowledge about its causative agents. All these agents are protozoans of the genus Leishmania, but while some may infect man little or not at all, others can cause serious disease. Past efforts to classify the parasites on the basis of clinical symptoms have produced a good deal of confusion. There were several reasons for this: first, man should properly be regarded as an accidental host of these leishmanias, which are maintained in nature by a wide spectrum of animal species; second, different patients may develop different reactions to the same parasite for immunological reasons; and third, leishmaniasis can last many years and its symptoms vary greatly during the course of the infection. Until fairly recently there was relatively little known about the hosts, vectors, and epidemiologies of the various leishmanias, and there had been little opportunity to set up an effective system of classification on this basis. However, during the 1960's a considerable amount of such work was accomplished and a number of new leishmanial parasites were discovered. This showed the importance of revising the existing taxonomy and provided a basis by which such revision could be achieved. The authors' revised classification of Western Hemisphere leishmanias is presented as part of this article. It is understood that few taxonomic systems are foolproof, and that all require repeated modification. The classification offered here is no exception to these rules. It is hoped, however, that it may help to orient our existing knowledge and help stimulate greater interest in the natural histories of these curious and important agents of human disease. |
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Lainson, RalphShaw, Jeffrey Jon2017-05-26T17:33:05Z2017-05-26T17:33:05Z1973LAINSON, Ralph; SHAW, Jeffery Jon. Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, v. 7, n. 4, p. 1-19, 1973.0085-4638https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/2559One of the things that makes leishmaniasis of the Western Hemisphere a particularly enigmatic disease is lack of knowledge about its causative agents. All these agents are protozoans of the genus Leishmania, but while some may infect man little or not at all, others can cause serious disease. Past efforts to classify the parasites on the basis of clinical symptoms have produced a good deal of confusion. There were several reasons for this: first, man should properly be regarded as an accidental host of these leishmanias, which are maintained in nature by a wide spectrum of animal species; second, different patients may develop different reactions to the same parasite for immunological reasons; and third, leishmaniasis can last many years and its symptoms vary greatly during the course of the infection. Until fairly recently there was relatively little known about the hosts, vectors, and epidemiologies of the various leishmanias, and there had been little opportunity to set up an effective system of classification on this basis. However, during the 1960's a considerable amount of such work was accomplished and a number of new leishmanial parasites were discovered. This showed the importance of revising the existing taxonomy and provided a basis by which such revision could be achieved. The authors' revised classification of Western Hemisphere leishmanias is presented as part of this article. It is understood that few taxonomic systems are foolproof, and that all require repeated modification. The classification offered here is no exception to these rules. It is hoped, however, that it may help to orient our existing knowledge and help stimulate greater interest in the natural histories of these curious and important agents of human disease.A falta de conhecimentos sobre os causadores da leishmaniose no hemisfério ocidental é uma das razões pelas quais esta doença é considerada misteriosa. Todos os agentes causadores são protozoários do gênero Leishmania, e embora alguns não infectem o homem, ou talvez muito pouco, outros podem causar graves males. As tentativas anteriores de classificar os parasitas com base nos sintomas clínicos produziram considerável confusão. E isso por vários motivos: em primeiro lugar, porque o homem deve ser considerado hospedeiro acidental dessas leishmanias, que em natureza proliferam em grande variedade de espécies animais; em segundo lugar, pode acontecer que diferentes pacientes reajam de maneira diversa ao mesmo parasita, por razões imunológicas; e, por último, a leishmaniose pode durar muitos anos, com sintomas muito variáveis no curso da infecção. Até há pouco eram relativamente escassos os conhecimentos acerca dos hospedeiros, vectores e epidemiologias das diversas leishmânias, tendo sido escassas as oportunidades de, nessa base, estabelecer um sistema eficaz de classificação. No decênio iniciado em 1961, porém, procedeu-se a um trabalho significativo, descobrindo-se vários parasitas leishmânios. Revelou-se assim a importância de rever a taxonomia existente e se obteve uma base de apoio a essa revisão. A classificação revista das leishmânias do Hemisfério Ocidental, preparada pelos autores, é apresentada como parte deste artigo. Cumpre observar que são poucos os sistemas taxonômicos infalíveis e que todos exigem repetidas modificações. A classificação apresentada no artigo não foge à regra. É de esperar-se, no entanto, que sirva de orientação dos conhecimentos existentes e contribua a despertar maior interesse na evolução natural destes curiosos e importantes agentes mórbidos.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Belém, PA, Brasil.application/pdfPan American Sanitary BureauLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to BrazilLas leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleReservatórios de DoençasLeishmania / classificaçãoAmérica do NorteAmérica do SulBrasil (BR)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspareponame:Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá)instname:Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC)instacron:IECTHUMBNAILLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil.pdf.jpgLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6001https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/26856fd0-5c39-4eb7-ae4a-81734829c0d7/download2df42c716bcb03a2e215f3e30d03d9a5MD511Las leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdf.jpgLas leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4818https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/47d0807e-4a79-4836-a1c9-ed020b98ea69/downloaddfb5cf693bf8d04a4762a781adca297aMD513ORIGINALLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil.pdfapplication/pdf2349194https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/d2fa39f1-55b2-4664-91aa-45168807b077/downloadd1289b1b027823993fc59826f9e0fd62MD51Las leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdfLas leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdfapplication/pdf3021962https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/b53b1783-cf73-441e-b575-17282aae28cb/download26d36c9646aed3f22c93d73994e429f8MD56TEXTLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil.pdf.txtLeishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain47430https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/e4faa6bb-db03-4807-afe6-c4be2b8062b2/download31724c97248b5032f7022414e0fa3abeMD510Las leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdf.txtLas leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain59855https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/a165cecb-3587-4629-89d3-4774a1fa4106/download083256fc2cf70c50a89977a93a199d03MD512LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Las leishmanias y la leishmaniasis del nuevo mundo, con particular referencia al Brasil |
title |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
spellingShingle |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil Lainson, Ralph Reservatórios de Doenças Leishmania / classificação América do Norte América do Sul Brasil (BR) |
title_short |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
title_full |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
title_sort |
Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil |
author |
Lainson, Ralph |
author_facet |
Lainson, Ralph Shaw, Jeffrey Jon |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Shaw, Jeffrey Jon |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lainson, Ralph Shaw, Jeffrey Jon |
dc.subject.decsPrimary.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Reservatórios de Doenças Leishmania / classificação América do Norte América do Sul Brasil (BR) |
topic |
Reservatórios de Doenças Leishmania / classificação América do Norte América do Sul Brasil (BR) |
description |
One of the things that makes leishmaniasis of the Western Hemisphere a particularly enigmatic disease is lack of knowledge about its causative agents. All these agents are protozoans of the genus Leishmania, but while some may infect man little or not at all, others can cause serious disease. Past efforts to classify the parasites on the basis of clinical symptoms have produced a good deal of confusion. There were several reasons for this: first, man should properly be regarded as an accidental host of these leishmanias, which are maintained in nature by a wide spectrum of animal species; second, different patients may develop different reactions to the same parasite for immunological reasons; and third, leishmaniasis can last many years and its symptoms vary greatly during the course of the infection. Until fairly recently there was relatively little known about the hosts, vectors, and epidemiologies of the various leishmanias, and there had been little opportunity to set up an effective system of classification on this basis. However, during the 1960's a considerable amount of such work was accomplished and a number of new leishmanial parasites were discovered. This showed the importance of revising the existing taxonomy and provided a basis by which such revision could be achieved. The authors' revised classification of Western Hemisphere leishmanias is presented as part of this article. It is understood that few taxonomic systems are foolproof, and that all require repeated modification. The classification offered here is no exception to these rules. It is hoped, however, that it may help to orient our existing knowledge and help stimulate greater interest in the natural histories of these curious and important agents of human disease. |
publishDate |
1973 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
1973 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-26T17:33:05Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-26T17:33:05Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
LAINSON, Ralph; SHAW, Jeffery Jon. Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, v. 7, n. 4, p. 1-19, 1973. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/2559 |
dc.identifier.issn.-.fl_str_mv |
0085-4638 |
identifier_str_mv |
LAINSON, Ralph; SHAW, Jeffery Jon. Leishmanias and leishmaniasis of the new world, with particular reference to Brazil. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, v. 7, n. 4, p. 1-19, 1973. 0085-4638 |
url |
https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/2559 |
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Pan American Sanitary Bureau |
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Pan American Sanitary Bureau |
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