Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
Data de Publicação: 2016
Outros Autores: Lopes, Maria de Fátima Costa, Medina, Norma Helen, Favacho, Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro, Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá)
Texto Completo: https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/3815
Resumo: Purpose: Trachoma was hyperendemic in Brazil until the 20th century. The prevalence has declined sharply in the past decades. The aim of this study was to estimate trachoma prevalence in schoolchildren in Brazilian municipalities with a Human Development Index (HDI) below the national mean. Methods: A cluster random sampling survey on trachoma prevalence was carried out. Brazilian municipalities with HDI below the national mean, within each of the 27 states, were stratified into three strata according to population size. In each stratum, schools were systematically selected to comprise a sample of 2400 schoolchildren, totaling 7200 per state. In each selected school, children enrolled from 1st to 4th grade were examined for trachoma. The simplified trachoma grading system was used. At a meeting held in each school, the study was explained to parents, and verbal consent sought. Results: A total of 185,862 children were enrolled in the selected schools. Of these, 171,973 (92.5%) participated in the study. The overall prevalence of trachomatous inflammation – follicular was 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.7–5.3%), varying from 1.5% to 9.0% among the states. Prevalence was significantly associated with the sampling stratum (being higher in small municipalities), the zone in which the school was located (higher in rural schools), and with age (higher among younger children). Conclusion: Trachoma is still a public health problem in Brazil, although at a low level of endemicity. As the country advances towards the elimination of blinding trachoma, this survey provides a baseline for evaluation of ongoing and future elimination interventions.
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spelling Luna, Expedito José de AlbuquerqueLopes, Maria de Fátima CostaMedina, Norma HelenFavacho, Joana da Felicidade RibeiroCardoso, Maria Regina Alves2019-07-08T13:29:08Z2019-07-08T13:29:08Z2016LUNA, Expedito José de Albuquerque et al. Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, v. 23, n. 6, p. 360-365, Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2016.12442741744-5086https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/381510.1080/09286586.2016.1244274Purpose: Trachoma was hyperendemic in Brazil until the 20th century. The prevalence has declined sharply in the past decades. The aim of this study was to estimate trachoma prevalence in schoolchildren in Brazilian municipalities with a Human Development Index (HDI) below the national mean. Methods: A cluster random sampling survey on trachoma prevalence was carried out. Brazilian municipalities with HDI below the national mean, within each of the 27 states, were stratified into three strata according to population size. In each stratum, schools were systematically selected to comprise a sample of 2400 schoolchildren, totaling 7200 per state. In each selected school, children enrolled from 1st to 4th grade were examined for trachoma. The simplified trachoma grading system was used. At a meeting held in each school, the study was explained to parents, and verbal consent sought. Results: A total of 185,862 children were enrolled in the selected schools. Of these, 171,973 (92.5%) participated in the study. The overall prevalence of trachomatous inflammation – follicular was 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.7–5.3%), varying from 1.5% to 9.0% among the states. Prevalence was significantly associated with the sampling stratum (being higher in small municipalities), the zone in which the school was located (higher in rural schools), and with age (higher among younger children). Conclusion: Trachoma is still a public health problem in Brazil, although at a low level of endemicity. As the country advances towards the elimination of blinding trachoma, this survey provides a baseline for evaluation of ongoing and future elimination interventions.Brazilian Public Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS)University of São Paulo. São, SP, Brazil.Ministry of Health. Control Program. Brasília, DF, Brazil.São Paulo State Health Secretariat. Epidemiology Surveillance Center. Sanitary Ophthalmology Center. São, SP, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of São Paulo. Public Health School. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.engTaylor & FrancisPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleTracoma / diagnósticoTracoma / prevenção & controleEducação de Pacientes como AssuntoEducação InfantilDoenças NegligenciadasPrevalênciaPrevenção de DoençasMonitoramento Epidemiológicoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá)instname:Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC)instacron:IECORIGINALPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdfPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdfapplication/pdf551083https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/4027c2a3-0a95-40a7-be5d-66bd2e6ac56a/downloadc9a9c128e29cac82a5d7fdf3f4e6da73MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82182https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/a0945dec-b7b2-4859-b060-36e2d2a335cd/download11832eea31b16df8613079d742d61793MD52TEXTPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdf.txtPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain2https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/3872f12a-dba7-40f0-b034-8ed578e7ac20/downloade1c06d85ae7b8b032bef47e42e4c08f9MD55THUMBNAILPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdf.jpgPrevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg3095https://patua.iec.gov.br/bitstreams/9d852953-b636-46de-8130-94c65fc439dc/download71859d578212107f7f8c49a4ce09d9eeMD56iec/38152023-06-13 17:18:06.126oai:patua.iec.gov.br:iec/3815https://patua.iec.gov.brRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://patua.iec.gov.br/oai/requestclariceneta@iec.gov.br || Biblioteca@iec.gov.bropendoar:2023-06-13T17:18:06Repositório Digital do Instituto Evandro Chagas (Patuá) - Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC)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
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
title Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
spellingShingle Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
Tracoma / diagnóstico
Tracoma / prevenção & controle
Educação de Pacientes como Assunto
Educação Infantil
Doenças Negligenciadas
Prevalência
Prevenção de Doenças
Monitoramento Epidemiológico
title_short Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
title_full Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
title_fullStr Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
title_sort Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil
author Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
author_facet Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
Lopes, Maria de Fátima Costa
Medina, Norma Helen
Favacho, Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro
Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
author_role author
author2 Lopes, Maria de Fátima Costa
Medina, Norma Helen
Favacho, Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro
Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Luna, Expedito José de Albuquerque
Lopes, Maria de Fátima Costa
Medina, Norma Helen
Favacho, Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro
Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
dc.subject.decsPrimary.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Tracoma / diagnóstico
Tracoma / prevenção & controle
Educação de Pacientes como Assunto
Educação Infantil
Doenças Negligenciadas
Prevalência
Prevenção de Doenças
topic Tracoma / diagnóstico
Tracoma / prevenção & controle
Educação de Pacientes como Assunto
Educação Infantil
Doenças Negligenciadas
Prevalência
Prevenção de Doenças
Monitoramento Epidemiológico
dc.subject.decsPrimary.none.fl_str_mv Monitoramento Epidemiológico
description Purpose: Trachoma was hyperendemic in Brazil until the 20th century. The prevalence has declined sharply in the past decades. The aim of this study was to estimate trachoma prevalence in schoolchildren in Brazilian municipalities with a Human Development Index (HDI) below the national mean. Methods: A cluster random sampling survey on trachoma prevalence was carried out. Brazilian municipalities with HDI below the national mean, within each of the 27 states, were stratified into three strata according to population size. In each stratum, schools were systematically selected to comprise a sample of 2400 schoolchildren, totaling 7200 per state. In each selected school, children enrolled from 1st to 4th grade were examined for trachoma. The simplified trachoma grading system was used. At a meeting held in each school, the study was explained to parents, and verbal consent sought. Results: A total of 185,862 children were enrolled in the selected schools. Of these, 171,973 (92.5%) participated in the study. The overall prevalence of trachomatous inflammation – follicular was 5.0% (95% confidence interval 4.7–5.3%), varying from 1.5% to 9.0% among the states. Prevalence was significantly associated with the sampling stratum (being higher in small municipalities), the zone in which the school was located (higher in rural schools), and with age (higher among younger children). Conclusion: Trachoma is still a public health problem in Brazil, although at a low level of endemicity. As the country advances towards the elimination of blinding trachoma, this survey provides a baseline for evaluation of ongoing and future elimination interventions.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2019-07-08T13:29:08Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2019-07-08T13:29:08Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv LUNA, Expedito José de Albuquerque et al. Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, v. 23, n. 6, p. 360-365, Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2016.1244274
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/3815
dc.identifier.issn.-.fl_str_mv 1744-5086
dc.identifier.doi.-.fl_str_mv 10.1080/09286586.2016.1244274
identifier_str_mv LUNA, Expedito José de Albuquerque et al. Prevalence of trachoma in schoolchildren in Brazil. Ophthalmic Epidemiology, v. 23, n. 6, p. 360-365, Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2016.1244274
1744-5086
10.1080/09286586.2016.1244274
url https://patua.iec.gov.br/handle/iec/3815
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Taylor & Francis
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