Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Tipo de documento: | Trabalho de conclusão de curso |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ifam.edu.br/jspui/handle/4321/1233 |
Resumo: | Larviculture is a challenge in arapaima farming, however several advances have been achieved in recent years. In intensive larviculture carried out in the laboratory, fish larvae are housed in tanks with different geometric shapes (square, rectangular, circular and trapezoid-circular), there is not a specific model of tank for arapaima larvae. The aim of this work was to develop a prototype tank in the shape of a circular crown, without the central area, specific for intensive larviculture of arapaima. After the planning and construction of the experimental tanks, an feeding assay was carried out with arapaima larvae in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, as follows: test tank in circular crown format and conventional tank (circular). Arapaima larvae (0.21 ± 0.03 g; 3.58 ± 0.18 cm) were homogeneously housed in the experimental units, with a useful volume of 150L and a density of 300 larvae/tank in a recirculation system with phytoremediation, constant artificial aeration and natural photoperiod. Fish were fed eight times daily during 29 experimental days. The larvae were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii during the first 3 days. On the 4th day, the feed transition was started by co-feeding by supplying Artemia nauplii and commercial crushed feed (Artemia nauplii + feed + water), in the proportion of 13% of the biomass for 9 days. After the feeding transition, the larvae were already trained to eat dry crushed feed. At the end of the experiment, we evaluated the zootechnical performance, parasitological analysis and cost of production of the larvae. Variables with parametric data were compared by Student's t test and those with non-parametric data by the Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). Fish raised in the test tank showed lower survival than those raised in the conventional tank (70.7% and 92.7%, respectively). However, the larvae reared in the test tank showed greater weight gain 2.14 ± 0.15 g, total length 6.97 ± 0.17 cm and a relative growth rate of 9.35 ± 0.25 %/day, probably due to the highest concentration and availability of food for test tank larvae. In the test tank, fish presented higher intensity of Trichodina sp. in the gills and mucus due to the accumulation of organic matter, especially after the feeding transition period. The conventional tank provided higher net income due to the indoor larviculture due to the higher survival rate. Test tank format can be used in the phase in which the larvae are receiving only live food, when food accumulation is not a problem. It is suggested adjustments in tank test to improve water circulation, to eliminate excess organic matter from the inert diet. |
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Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucuArapaima gigas, alimento vivo, ambiente de criação, larvicultura, transição alimentarArapaima gigas, live food, rearing environment, larviculture, food transition.CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIALarviculture is a challenge in arapaima farming, however several advances have been achieved in recent years. In intensive larviculture carried out in the laboratory, fish larvae are housed in tanks with different geometric shapes (square, rectangular, circular and trapezoid-circular), there is not a specific model of tank for arapaima larvae. The aim of this work was to develop a prototype tank in the shape of a circular crown, without the central area, specific for intensive larviculture of arapaima. After the planning and construction of the experimental tanks, an feeding assay was carried out with arapaima larvae in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, as follows: test tank in circular crown format and conventional tank (circular). Arapaima larvae (0.21 ± 0.03 g; 3.58 ± 0.18 cm) were homogeneously housed in the experimental units, with a useful volume of 150L and a density of 300 larvae/tank in a recirculation system with phytoremediation, constant artificial aeration and natural photoperiod. Fish were fed eight times daily during 29 experimental days. The larvae were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii during the first 3 days. On the 4th day, the feed transition was started by co-feeding by supplying Artemia nauplii and commercial crushed feed (Artemia nauplii + feed + water), in the proportion of 13% of the biomass for 9 days. After the feeding transition, the larvae were already trained to eat dry crushed feed. At the end of the experiment, we evaluated the zootechnical performance, parasitological analysis and cost of production of the larvae. Variables with parametric data were compared by Student's t test and those with non-parametric data by the Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). Fish raised in the test tank showed lower survival than those raised in the conventional tank (70.7% and 92.7%, respectively). However, the larvae reared in the test tank showed greater weight gain 2.14 ± 0.15 g, total length 6.97 ± 0.17 cm and a relative growth rate of 9.35 ± 0.25 %/day, probably due to the highest concentration and availability of food for test tank larvae. In the test tank, fish presented higher intensity of Trichodina sp. in the gills and mucus due to the accumulation of organic matter, especially after the feeding transition period. The conventional tank provided higher net income due to the indoor larviculture due to the higher survival rate. Test tank format can be used in the phase in which the larvae are receiving only live food, when food accumulation is not a problem. It is suggested adjustments in tank test to improve water circulation, to eliminate excess organic matter from the inert diet.A larvicultura é um desafio na criação do pirarucu, porém diversos avanços têm sido alcançados nos últimos anos. Na larvicultura intensiva realizada em laboratório, as larvas de peixes são alojadas em tanques com diferentes formas geométricas (quadrada, retangular, circular e trapézio-circular), não havendo um modelo específico de tanque para criação do pirarucu. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho desenvolver um protótipo de tanque específico para a larvicultura intensiva do pirarucu em formato de coroa circular. Após o planejamento e construção dos tanques experimentais, foi realizado um experimento com larvas de pirarucu em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e cinco repetições, sendo: tanque teste em formato de coroa circular e tanque convencional em formato circular. Larvas de pirarucu (0,21 ± 0,03 g; 3,58 ± 0,18 cm) foram alojadas nas unidades experimentais, com volume útil de 150L e densidade de 300 larvas/tanque em sistema de recirculação com fitorremediação, aeração artificial constante e fotoperíodo natural. Foram ofertadas oito refeições diárias durante 29 dias experimentais. As larvas foram alimentadas exclusivamente com náuplios de Artemia sp. durante os 3 primeiros dias. No 4° dia, iniciou-se a transição alimentar por coalimentação pelo fornecimento de náuplios de artêmia e ração comercial triturada (náuplios de artêmia + ração + água), na proporção de 13% da biomassa durante 9 dias. Após a transição alimentar, as larva já estavam treinadas a comerem ração triturada seca. Ao final do experimento, foram avaliados o desempenho zootécnico e a análise parasitológica e o custo de produção das larvas. As variáveis com dados paramétricos foram comparadas pelo teste t de Student e as com dados não-paramétricos pelo teste U de Mann- Whitney (p<0.05). Os peixes criados no tanque teste apresentaram menor sobrevivência que os criados no tanque convencional (70,7% e 92,7%, respectivamente). Porém, as larvas criadas no tanque teste apresentaram maior ganho de peso 2,14 ± 0,15 g, comprimento total 6,97 ± 0,17 cm e taxa de crescimento relativo 9,35 ± 0,25 %/dia, provavelmente devido a maior concentração e disponibilidade de alimento para as larvas do tanque teste. No tanque teste constatou-se maior intensidade de Trichodina sp. nas brânquias e tegumento das larvas, devido ao acúmulo de matéria orgânica, especialmente após o período de transição alimentar. O tanque convencional proporcionou maior receita líquida devido ao ambiente de criação proporcionar maior taxa de sobrevivência. O formato do tanque teste pode ser usado na fase em que as larvas estão recebendo apenas alimento vivo, quando o acúmulo de alimento não é um problema. Sugere-se ajustes no tanque teste para melhorar a circulação da água, para eliminar o excesso de matéria orgânica da dieta inerte.BrasilCampus Manaus Zona LesteInstituto Federal do AmazonasIFAMMedicina VeterináriaInstituto Federal do AmazonasIFAMMedicina VeterináriaInstituto Federal do AmazonasIFAMMedicina VeterináriaFonseca, Flávio Augusto Leão daSantana, Thiago MacedoFonseca, Flávio Augusto Leão daSilva, Dayse Silveira daOishi, César AugustoDantas, Francisco de Matos2023-05-09T22:29:06Z2023-05-092023-05-09T22:29:06Z2022-11-23info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://repositorio.ifam.edu.br/jspui/handle/4321/1233porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas)instname:Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM)instacron:IFAM2023-05-25T20:52:03Zoai:localhost:4321/1233Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ifam.edu.br/oai/requestcgeb@ifam.edu.bropendoar:2023-05-25T20:52:03Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) - Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
title |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
spellingShingle |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu Dantas, Francisco de Matos Arapaima gigas, alimento vivo, ambiente de criação, larvicultura, transição alimentar Arapaima gigas, live food, rearing environment, larviculture, food transition. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA |
title_short |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
title_full |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
title_fullStr |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
title_full_unstemmed |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
title_sort |
Protótipo de tanque-berçário para criação intensiva de larvas de pirarucu |
author |
Dantas, Francisco de Matos |
author_facet |
Dantas, Francisco de Matos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Fonseca, Flávio Augusto Leão da Santana, Thiago Macedo Fonseca, Flávio Augusto Leão da Silva, Dayse Silveira da Oishi, César Augusto |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Dantas, Francisco de Matos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Arapaima gigas, alimento vivo, ambiente de criação, larvicultura, transição alimentar Arapaima gigas, live food, rearing environment, larviculture, food transition. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA |
topic |
Arapaima gigas, alimento vivo, ambiente de criação, larvicultura, transição alimentar Arapaima gigas, live food, rearing environment, larviculture, food transition. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA |
description |
Larviculture is a challenge in arapaima farming, however several advances have been achieved in recent years. In intensive larviculture carried out in the laboratory, fish larvae are housed in tanks with different geometric shapes (square, rectangular, circular and trapezoid-circular), there is not a specific model of tank for arapaima larvae. The aim of this work was to develop a prototype tank in the shape of a circular crown, without the central area, specific for intensive larviculture of arapaima. After the planning and construction of the experimental tanks, an feeding assay was carried out with arapaima larvae in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, as follows: test tank in circular crown format and conventional tank (circular). Arapaima larvae (0.21 ± 0.03 g; 3.58 ± 0.18 cm) were homogeneously housed in the experimental units, with a useful volume of 150L and a density of 300 larvae/tank in a recirculation system with phytoremediation, constant artificial aeration and natural photoperiod. Fish were fed eight times daily during 29 experimental days. The larvae were fed exclusively with Artemia nauplii during the first 3 days. On the 4th day, the feed transition was started by co-feeding by supplying Artemia nauplii and commercial crushed feed (Artemia nauplii + feed + water), in the proportion of 13% of the biomass for 9 days. After the feeding transition, the larvae were already trained to eat dry crushed feed. At the end of the experiment, we evaluated the zootechnical performance, parasitological analysis and cost of production of the larvae. Variables with parametric data were compared by Student's t test and those with non-parametric data by the Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). Fish raised in the test tank showed lower survival than those raised in the conventional tank (70.7% and 92.7%, respectively). However, the larvae reared in the test tank showed greater weight gain 2.14 ± 0.15 g, total length 6.97 ± 0.17 cm and a relative growth rate of 9.35 ± 0.25 %/day, probably due to the highest concentration and availability of food for test tank larvae. In the test tank, fish presented higher intensity of Trichodina sp. in the gills and mucus due to the accumulation of organic matter, especially after the feeding transition period. The conventional tank provided higher net income due to the indoor larviculture due to the higher survival rate. Test tank format can be used in the phase in which the larvae are receiving only live food, when food accumulation is not a problem. It is suggested adjustments in tank test to improve water circulation, to eliminate excess organic matter from the inert diet. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-23 2023-05-09T22:29:06Z 2023-05-09 2023-05-09T22:29:06Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
format |
bachelorThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ifam.edu.br/jspui/handle/4321/1233 |
url |
http://repositorio.ifam.edu.br/jspui/handle/4321/1233 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Brasil Campus Manaus Zona Leste Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Brasil Campus Manaus Zona Leste Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária Instituto Federal do Amazonas IFAM Medicina Veterinária |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) instname:Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM) instacron:IFAM |
instname_str |
Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM) |
instacron_str |
IFAM |
institution |
IFAM |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional do IFAM (Repositório Institucional do Instituto Federal do Amazonas) - Instituto Federal do Amazonas (IFAM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cgeb@ifam.edu.br |
_version_ |
1810022880497369088 |