Epidemiological and Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Júlio César Saraiva
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Rocha, Carlos Eduardo Moura Carvalho, Costa, Rafael Everton Assunção Ribeiro da, Pinto, Eduardo Salmito Soares, Almeida, Ana Luisa Rios Barbosa de, Teles, João Batista Mendes, Nogueira, Luciana Tolstenko, Pinto, Lucielma Salmito Soares
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng
• Título da fonte: Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/1584
• topic: carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeça e pescoço/epidemiologia; neoplasias bucais; registros médicos; squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck/epidemiology; mouth neoplasms; medical records; carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello/epidemiología; neoplasias de la boca; registros médicos

Introduction: Oral cancer corresponds to about 30% of all head and neck tumors. Approximately 90% of these malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and about 15 thousand new cases are estimated each year in Brazil. Objective: Evaluate the clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients with oral SCC. Method: Observational cross-sectional, quantitative and retrospective design study, based on the analysis of medical records of patients with histopathological diagnosis of oral SCC treated at a reference center in oncology in Brazil’s Northeast. Clinical and epidemiological variables were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test (p≤0.05). Results: Among the 298 medical records evaluated, male patients predominated (75.2%), with an average age of 60.4 years, smokers and alcoholics (62.0%). The most reported complaint was the presence of a wound or injury in the mouth (61.1%) and the most common location was the tongue (62.1%). Clinical variables revealed advanced clinical staging (III or IV) in 76.4% of patients. Among patients aged up to 50 years, there was high concentration of men (p=0.015) and greater use of alcohol than among patients over 50 years (p=0.010). The other variables did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: The clinical and epidemiological characteristics related to oral SCC should be considered when planning public policies, in order to prevent new cases as well as to allow for early diagnosis.