Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Kühn, Uwe
Data de Publicação: 2007
Outros Autores: Andreae, Meinrat O., Ammann, Christoph, Araüjo, Alessandro Carioca de, Brancaleoni, Enzo, Ciccioli, Paolo, Dindorf, Tamara, Frattoni, Massimiliano, Gatti, Luciana Vanni, Ganzeveld, Laurens N., Kruijt, Bart J., Lelieveld, Jos, Lloyd, Jon, Meixner, Franz X., Nobre, Antônio Donato, Pöschl, Ulrich, Spirig, Christoph, Stefani, Paolo, Thielmann, Axel, Valentini, Riccardo, Kesselmeier, Jürgen
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do INPA
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16360
Resumo: We estimated the isoprene and monoterpene source strengths of a pristine tropical forest north of Manaus in the central Amazon Basin using three different micrometeorological flux measurement approaches. During the early dry season campaign of the Cooperative LBA Air-borne Regional Experiment (LBA-CLAIRE-2001), a tower-based surface layer gradient (SLG) technique was applied simultaneously with a relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system. Airborne measurements of vertical profiles within and above the convective boundary layer (CBL) were used to estimate fluxes on a landscape scale by application of the mixed layer gradient (MLG) technique. The mean daytime fluxes of organic carbon measured by REA were 2.1mgC m-2h-1 for isoprene, 0.20mg C m-2h-1 for αpinene, and 0.39 mg C m-2 h-1 for the sum of monoterpenes. These values are in reasonable agreement with fluxes determined with the SLG approach, which exhibited a higher scatter, as expected for the complex terrain investigated. The observed VOC fluxes are in good agreement with simulations using a single-column chemistry and climate model (SCM). In contrast, the model-derived mixing ratios of VOCs were by far higher than observed, indicating that chemical processes may not be adequately represented in the model. The observed vertical gradients of isoprene and its primary degradation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) suggest that the oxidation capacity in the tropical CBL is much higher than previously assumed. A simple chemical kinetics model was used to infer OH radical concentrations from the vertical gradients of (MVK+MACR)/isoprene. The estimated range of OH concentrations during the daytime was 3-8×10 6 molecules cm-3, i.e., an order of magnitude higher than is estimated for the tropical CBL by current state-of-theart atmospheric chemistry and transport models. The remarkably high OH concentrations were also supported by results of a simple budget analysis, based on the flux-to-lifetime relationship of isoprene within the CBL. Furthermore, VOC fluxes determined with the airborne MLG approach were only in reasonable agreement with those of the tower-based REA and SLG approaches after correction for chemical decay by OH radicals, applying a best estimate OH concentration of 5.5 ×106 molecules cm-3. The SCM model calculations support relatively high OH concentration estimates after specifically being constrained by the mixing ratios of chemical constituents observed during the campaign. The relevance of the VOC fluxes for the local carbon budget of the tropical rainforest site during the measurements campaign was assessed by comparison with the concurrent CO2 fluxes, estimated by three different methods (eddy correlation, Lagrangian dispersion, and mass budget approach). Depending on the CO 2 flux estimate, 1-6% or more of the carbon gained by net ecosystem productivity appeared to be re-emitted through VOC emissions.
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spelling Kühn, UweAndreae, Meinrat O.Ammann, ChristophAraüjo, Alessandro Carioca deBrancaleoni, EnzoCiccioli, PaoloDindorf, TamaraFrattoni, MassimilianoGatti, Luciana VanniGanzeveld, Laurens N.Kruijt, Bart J.Lelieveld, JosLloyd, JonMeixner, Franz X.Nobre, Antônio DonatoPöschl, UlrichSpirig, ChristophStefani, PaoloThielmann, AxelValentini, RiccardoKesselmeier, Jürgen2020-06-03T21:27:35Z2020-06-03T21:27:35Z2007https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/1636010.5194/acp-7-2855-2007We estimated the isoprene and monoterpene source strengths of a pristine tropical forest north of Manaus in the central Amazon Basin using three different micrometeorological flux measurement approaches. During the early dry season campaign of the Cooperative LBA Air-borne Regional Experiment (LBA-CLAIRE-2001), a tower-based surface layer gradient (SLG) technique was applied simultaneously with a relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system. Airborne measurements of vertical profiles within and above the convective boundary layer (CBL) were used to estimate fluxes on a landscape scale by application of the mixed layer gradient (MLG) technique. The mean daytime fluxes of organic carbon measured by REA were 2.1mgC m-2h-1 for isoprene, 0.20mg C m-2h-1 for αpinene, and 0.39 mg C m-2 h-1 for the sum of monoterpenes. These values are in reasonable agreement with fluxes determined with the SLG approach, which exhibited a higher scatter, as expected for the complex terrain investigated. The observed VOC fluxes are in good agreement with simulations using a single-column chemistry and climate model (SCM). In contrast, the model-derived mixing ratios of VOCs were by far higher than observed, indicating that chemical processes may not be adequately represented in the model. The observed vertical gradients of isoprene and its primary degradation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) suggest that the oxidation capacity in the tropical CBL is much higher than previously assumed. A simple chemical kinetics model was used to infer OH radical concentrations from the vertical gradients of (MVK+MACR)/isoprene. The estimated range of OH concentrations during the daytime was 3-8×10 6 molecules cm-3, i.e., an order of magnitude higher than is estimated for the tropical CBL by current state-of-theart atmospheric chemistry and transport models. The remarkably high OH concentrations were also supported by results of a simple budget analysis, based on the flux-to-lifetime relationship of isoprene within the CBL. Furthermore, VOC fluxes determined with the airborne MLG approach were only in reasonable agreement with those of the tower-based REA and SLG approaches after correction for chemical decay by OH radicals, applying a best estimate OH concentration of 5.5 ×106 molecules cm-3. The SCM model calculations support relatively high OH concentration estimates after specifically being constrained by the mixing ratios of chemical constituents observed during the campaign. The relevance of the VOC fluxes for the local carbon budget of the tropical rainforest site during the measurements campaign was assessed by comparison with the concurrent CO2 fluxes, estimated by three different methods (eddy correlation, Lagrangian dispersion, and mass budget approach). Depending on the CO 2 flux estimate, 1-6% or more of the carbon gained by net ecosystem productivity appeared to be re-emitted through VOC emissions.Volume 7, Número 11, Pags. 2855-2879Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAirborne SurveyAtmospheric ChemistryCarbon BudgetClimate ModelingFlux MeasurementHydroxyl RadicalIsopreneMonoterpeneRainforestTropical ForestVertical ProfileVolatile Organic CompoundAmazonasBrasilManausSouth AmericaIsoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budgetinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleAtmospheric Chemistry and Physicsengreponame:Repositório Institucional do INPAinstname:Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)instacron:INPAORIGINALartigo-inpa.pdfartigo-inpa.pdfapplication/pdf1287638https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/bitstream/1/16360/1/artigo-inpa.pdf8a09d3bbbcf8e9f438378986004171abMD511/163602020-06-03 17:34:45.107oai:repositorio:1/16360Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/oai/requestopendoar:2020-06-03T21:34:45Repositório Institucional do INPA - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)false
dc.title.en.fl_str_mv Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
title Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
spellingShingle Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
Kühn, Uwe
Airborne Survey
Atmospheric Chemistry
Carbon Budget
Climate Modeling
Flux Measurement
Hydroxyl Radical
Isoprene
Monoterpene
Rainforest
Tropical Forest
Vertical Profile
Volatile Organic Compound
Amazonas
Brasil
Manaus
South America
title_short Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
title_full Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
title_fullStr Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
title_full_unstemmed Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
title_sort Isoprene and monoterpene fluxes from Central Amazonian rainforest inferred from tower-based and airborne measurements, and implications on the atmospheric chemistry and the local carbon budget
author Kühn, Uwe
author_facet Kühn, Uwe
Andreae, Meinrat O.
Ammann, Christoph
Araüjo, Alessandro Carioca de
Brancaleoni, Enzo
Ciccioli, Paolo
Dindorf, Tamara
Frattoni, Massimiliano
Gatti, Luciana Vanni
Ganzeveld, Laurens N.
Kruijt, Bart J.
Lelieveld, Jos
Lloyd, Jon
Meixner, Franz X.
Nobre, Antônio Donato
Pöschl, Ulrich
Spirig, Christoph
Stefani, Paolo
Thielmann, Axel
Valentini, Riccardo
Kesselmeier, Jürgen
author_role author
author2 Andreae, Meinrat O.
Ammann, Christoph
Araüjo, Alessandro Carioca de
Brancaleoni, Enzo
Ciccioli, Paolo
Dindorf, Tamara
Frattoni, Massimiliano
Gatti, Luciana Vanni
Ganzeveld, Laurens N.
Kruijt, Bart J.
Lelieveld, Jos
Lloyd, Jon
Meixner, Franz X.
Nobre, Antônio Donato
Pöschl, Ulrich
Spirig, Christoph
Stefani, Paolo
Thielmann, Axel
Valentini, Riccardo
Kesselmeier, Jürgen
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Kühn, Uwe
Andreae, Meinrat O.
Ammann, Christoph
Araüjo, Alessandro Carioca de
Brancaleoni, Enzo
Ciccioli, Paolo
Dindorf, Tamara
Frattoni, Massimiliano
Gatti, Luciana Vanni
Ganzeveld, Laurens N.
Kruijt, Bart J.
Lelieveld, Jos
Lloyd, Jon
Meixner, Franz X.
Nobre, Antônio Donato
Pöschl, Ulrich
Spirig, Christoph
Stefani, Paolo
Thielmann, Axel
Valentini, Riccardo
Kesselmeier, Jürgen
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Airborne Survey
Atmospheric Chemistry
Carbon Budget
Climate Modeling
Flux Measurement
Hydroxyl Radical
Isoprene
Monoterpene
Rainforest
Tropical Forest
Vertical Profile
Volatile Organic Compound
Amazonas
Brasil
Manaus
South America
topic Airborne Survey
Atmospheric Chemistry
Carbon Budget
Climate Modeling
Flux Measurement
Hydroxyl Radical
Isoprene
Monoterpene
Rainforest
Tropical Forest
Vertical Profile
Volatile Organic Compound
Amazonas
Brasil
Manaus
South America
description We estimated the isoprene and monoterpene source strengths of a pristine tropical forest north of Manaus in the central Amazon Basin using three different micrometeorological flux measurement approaches. During the early dry season campaign of the Cooperative LBA Air-borne Regional Experiment (LBA-CLAIRE-2001), a tower-based surface layer gradient (SLG) technique was applied simultaneously with a relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system. Airborne measurements of vertical profiles within and above the convective boundary layer (CBL) were used to estimate fluxes on a landscape scale by application of the mixed layer gradient (MLG) technique. The mean daytime fluxes of organic carbon measured by REA were 2.1mgC m-2h-1 for isoprene, 0.20mg C m-2h-1 for αpinene, and 0.39 mg C m-2 h-1 for the sum of monoterpenes. These values are in reasonable agreement with fluxes determined with the SLG approach, which exhibited a higher scatter, as expected for the complex terrain investigated. The observed VOC fluxes are in good agreement with simulations using a single-column chemistry and climate model (SCM). In contrast, the model-derived mixing ratios of VOCs were by far higher than observed, indicating that chemical processes may not be adequately represented in the model. The observed vertical gradients of isoprene and its primary degradation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) suggest that the oxidation capacity in the tropical CBL is much higher than previously assumed. A simple chemical kinetics model was used to infer OH radical concentrations from the vertical gradients of (MVK+MACR)/isoprene. The estimated range of OH concentrations during the daytime was 3-8×10 6 molecules cm-3, i.e., an order of magnitude higher than is estimated for the tropical CBL by current state-of-theart atmospheric chemistry and transport models. The remarkably high OH concentrations were also supported by results of a simple budget analysis, based on the flux-to-lifetime relationship of isoprene within the CBL. Furthermore, VOC fluxes determined with the airborne MLG approach were only in reasonable agreement with those of the tower-based REA and SLG approaches after correction for chemical decay by OH radicals, applying a best estimate OH concentration of 5.5 ×106 molecules cm-3. The SCM model calculations support relatively high OH concentration estimates after specifically being constrained by the mixing ratios of chemical constituents observed during the campaign. The relevance of the VOC fluxes for the local carbon budget of the tropical rainforest site during the measurements campaign was assessed by comparison with the concurrent CO2 fluxes, estimated by three different methods (eddy correlation, Lagrangian dispersion, and mass budget approach). Depending on the CO 2 flux estimate, 1-6% or more of the carbon gained by net ecosystem productivity appeared to be re-emitted through VOC emissions.
publishDate 2007
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2007
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2020-06-03T21:27:35Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2020-06-03T21:27:35Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16360
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.5194/acp-7-2855-2007
url https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/16360
identifier_str_mv 10.5194/acp-7-2855-2007
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartof.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Volume 7, Número 11, Pags. 2855-2879
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional do INPA
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institution INPA
reponame_str Repositório Institucional do INPA
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