Teoria de precificação e hedging e o caso de uma opção com barreira

• Autor(a) principal: Rosalino Junior, Estevão
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do LNCC
• Texto Completo: https://tede.lncc.br/handle/tede/167
• topic: Mercado de opções; Martingala (Matematica); Mercado de opções; Precificação; Processos estatísticos; Martingales (Mathematics); Options (Finance); CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::PROBABILIDADE E ESTATISTICA

We address the theory of no-arbitrage pricing of derivatives and hedging strategies. The continuous-time model of the underlying stock price that we consider is the Geometric Brownian Motion, which parameters (mean rate of return and volatility) are initially set as stochastic processes and, in the sequel, specified as deterministic functions of time or constant values. With a view to providing self-sufficiency for the text, we have included the necessary fundamental theory and derived the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) for the price of derivatives with payoffs that are functions of the time and of the stock price at maturity, while the stock is now governed by the local volatility model (in which the parameters are functions of time and of the stock price at each moment). Focusing the particular niche where parameters are, except for very mild constraints, arbitrary deterministic functions of time, we develop explicit formulae for both the price and the hedging strategy for an European call option, as well as the particular shape of the associated PDEs. The generalization of the above scenario corresponds to the main result of this thesis which, to the best of our knowledge, is new: we assume (as above) the model where parameters are arbitrary deterministic functions of time and an European call option with a moving barrier of a special sort - which we name discounted barrier. Still, we obtain explicit formulas for both the exact price and hedging strategy. The shape of the barrier option under consideration is attractive from the point of view of the dealer, since it is in fact constant if tested against the discounted risky asset price. Moreover, the riskless asset - which accounts for discounting - is the dealers reference for profit evaluation. Some tools employed in this work are the risk-neutral (or martingale) measure and an extension of the Reflection Principle for Brownian Motion.