Construção e validação de uma escala para verificação de comprometimento cognitivo em idosos – ECCI

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Maisa Sangy Guedes
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da METODISTA
• Texto Completo: http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/2266
• topic: comprometimento cognitivo; idosos; escala; validade; cognitive impairment; seniors; scale; shelf life; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a term commonly used to characterize cognitive declines beyond what is expected for a given age and schooling of the elderly, although these changes do not affect their daily lives (Petersen et al., 1999). The picture of people with MCI can remain stable and even return to normal, however, the rate of conversion to dementia is approximately 10% to 15% per year. In the population over 65 years, this rate is around 5%. CCL may reveal several symptomatic configurations and require more specific diagnosis. It cannot be denied that in recent years there has been a growth in studies in this area. However, there is still a lack of scientifically validated and reliable instruments to investigate the phenomenon, especially in Brazil. Neuropsychological assessment is a promising method in the differential diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive disorders in old age. Especially on the MCI, this assessment can contribute to detecting subtle patterns of cognitive losses in specific functions, allowing for more punctual interventions. This study, from a cross-sectional and instrumental design, aimed to build and seek evidence of validity of a Scale for Verification of Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly - ECCI. The sample consisted of 420 elderly people, both sexes, aged between 60 and 85 years and a mean age of 66.79 (SD = 1.68), most of whom reside in the Brazilian Southeast region. Education ranged from complete elementary school (24%) to complete higher education (40.8%). The data were submitted to descriptive, correlational and structural equation statistical analyses. The results of confirmatory factor analyzes revealed a first-order model composed of ten factors with good fit indices (χ2=2236.93, χ2/df=2.85, CFI=0.99, GFI=0.98, TLI= 0.99, RMSEA=0.04(95% confidence interval=0.03 to 0.04) and explained 82% of the variance (R²=0.82).The model comprises the following factors: attention, executive functions; praxis; visuospatial skills, special orientation, working memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, implicit memory and prospective memory, in a total of 76 items with satisfactory factor loadings. Results of the discriminant validity test revealed that the ECCI has convergent results with the Mini-Mental State Examination. The satisfactory results of the analyzes allow us to conclude that the items contained in the factors make up a measure with indicators favorable to its use and that the ECCI has evidence of validity and acceptable reliability indices. (AU)