A razão para o iluminismo e para o pensamento complexo: possíveis implicações desse estudo para o ensino de filosofia no ensino médio

• Autor(a) principal: Kamesu, Oscar Kiyomitsu
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da Uninove
• Texto Completo: http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/tede/handle/tede/398
• topic: Razão; Iluminismo; Pensamento complexo; Ensino de filosofia; Reason; Illuminism; Complex thought; Philosophy teaching; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO

One of the fundamental principals for an individual formation is reason. It is essential when it refers to philosophy and its teaching. This work aims to investigate and demonstrate the understandings on reason to Illuminism and the complex thought have contributed to philosophy teaching in high-school. Complex thought is investigated from the works of Edgar Morin, whose proposition is the re-linking of knowledge. The Illuminism has been characterized as an intellectual tendency, which through reason and critical thought fights against several forms of heteronomy. The works of Sérgio Paulo Rouanet, who calls himself an Illuminism heir, have been deeply analyzed. The analysis of illuminist reason has shown it is essentially critical, since only critical reason is able to promote autonomy in individuals. The understandings of reason to complex thought reveal its dialogical pattern. Dialogical because reason opens itself and dialogues with the several elements considered antagonist and concurrent, as myth and emotion. It is an open reason, using the self-critical exam to avoid its closing. Although the differences between complex thought and Illuminism, the convergent point emphasized in this research is that both understand reason as critical and self-critical. Only critical and auto-critical reason must be able to fight against illusion and deviation. The deviation and illusion are results from the closing of reason to dialogue, creating rationalization and its instrumentalization. As the philosophy teaching, the thesis has defended the idea it should fight and avoid all kinds of dogmatism, skepticism and relativism, which are against the flow of dialogue and critical reflection among youths. The conclusion is the critical and self-critical reason, derivate from the understanding of complex thought and Illuminism, seems to be able to perform this task.