Condicionantes étnicos na criação das Missões de Chiquitos: alianças e conflitos na Chiquitania e no Pantanal (1609-1691)

• Autor(a) principal: Arruda, Ariane Aparecida Carvalho de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional PUCRS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/3951
• topic: HISTÓRIA; JESUÍTAS - MISSÕES; ÍNDIOS - BOLIVIA - HISTÓRIA; SOCIEDADES INDÍGENAS; ÍNDIOS - MISCIGENAÇÃO

This study aims to establish the constraints that hindered ethnic and/or facilitated the installation of the Missions of Chiquitos in Bolivia. From the interethnic contact, there were alliances and conflicts between indigenous/indigenous and among indigenous/europeans, which enabled the establishment of european society in their territories, the establishment of the encomienda system in Asunción and Santa Cruz de la Sierra, and finally the foundation of the Jesuit missions among the Indians of Chiquitania. The time frame starts in the mid-sixteenth century, when the European conquerors come in the Pantanal and Chiquitania in reaching the mineral wealth of Peru and Potosi in Bolivia. In this context, there are several episodes of intense conflicts between Indians and Spaniards encomenderos until, from 1609, Jesuit missionaries appear as a lifeline for indigenous and integration into a new colonial context of the reductions through religious, first along to the Guarani, on the banks of the river Paranapanema (the current state of Paraná) and then in 1691, in Chiquitania, with the Indians known as Chiquito. This, conflict and alliances among the europeans who sought to conquer territories and riches for the Spanish Crown, there is genocide and exploitation of many indigenous communities, indigenous migration to safer regions, such as the Chiquitos Missions themselves and mixing of indigenous groups with distinct cultures and languages. For the interpretation of the events generated by interethnic contact between Indians and Europeans, the discourse analysis was used to understand how European society built the image of the Indian as a being without faith, without law and no King.