Diagnóstico diferencial de lesões orais de líquen plano e lúpus eritematoso por meio de imunoistoquímica e PAS

• Autor(a) principal: Fava, Márcia
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional PUCRS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10923/399
• topic: ODONTOLOGIA; ESTOMATOLOGIA CLÍNICA; LÍQUEN PLANO BUCAL; LUPUS ERITEMATOSO SISTÊMICO; IMUNOISTOQUÍMICA

Oral lesions of lichen planus and lupus erythematosus share similarities either in clinical or in histopathological appearance, which makes the differential diagnosis difficult. This study aimed to investigate differential diagnostic criteria of oral lesions of both diseases using PAS and immunohistochemistry. Patients with oral lesions of lichen planus (n = 21) and lupus erythematosus (n = 23) underwent to lesions biopsy. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin stain (HE) and direct immunofluorescence. After diagnostic confirmation, the specimens were processed by PAS and immunohistochemistry. The histological images were analyzed in the Image ProPlus 5. 4. 1 software, quantifying the expression of CD1a, CD4, CD8, CD20, caspase-3, tryptase and the thickness of basement membrane. The immunohistochemical expression of CD1a was significantly greater in the epithelium and connective tissue of lichen planus. The expression of CD4 and CD20 in the epithelium did not significantly differ between lichen planus and lupus erythematosus; however, in the connective tissue it was significantly greater for lichen. Expression of CD8 was significantly greater in both epithelium and connective tissue of lichen. The expression of caspase-3 did not significantly differ between the groups, whereas tryptase expression was significantly greater in the epithelium of lupus erythematosus. The basement membrane thickness did not show significant difference between lichen planus and lupus erythematosus. The results indicate that (1) the immunohistochemical expression of CD1a, CD4, CD8, CD20, caspase-3 and tryptase as well as the thickness of basement membrane in PAS are not definite criteria for differential diagnosis of oral lesions of lichen planus and lupus erythematosus; (2) the immunohistochemical expression of CD4, CD8 and CD20 is greater in the lichen planus oral lesions than in lupus, which suggests that lichen has more intense lymphocyte infiltrate; (3) tryptase is more expressed in the epithelium of lupus oral lesions, while CD1a is more expressed either in the epithelium or in the connective tissue of lichen; (4) oral lesions of lichen planus and lupus erythematosus seem to differ for the antigen which triggers the inflammatory response, but they share apoptosis of epithelial and inflammatory cells in their pathogenesis.