A evolução do padrão de especialização do comércio externo brasileiro de 1990 a 2006

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, David Eduardo Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9333
• topic: Padrão de especialização do comércio externo; Comércio internacional; Liberalização comercial; Brasil -- Comercio exterior; Exportacoes -- Brasil; Foreign trade specialization pattern; International trade; Trade liberalization; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

The objective of this paper is to asses the evolution of the Brazilian foreign trade specialization pattern in 1990-2006 period. Methods selected to achieve this objective included bibliographic survey and application of two product aggregation methodologies adopted by UNCTAD and the World Bank to analyze the international trade flows. Their results suggest that: i) Brazilian exports, in spite of the increased participation of technologically more complex products, remained heavily focused on primary commodities and traditional goods; ii) there was evidence of a technological asymmetry increase between exports and imports in the 1990s, where exports were characterized by a high participation of primary commodities, and imports were characterized by the predominance of more technologically complex products; iii) in spite of that increased technological asymmetry, it was not possible to conclude that a regressive specialization occurred in Brazilian foreign trade, as technologyintensive goods increased their participation in exports; iv) there was no reprimarization process in exports in the 1990s; v) the increased participation of technology-intensive products and trade surpluses of medium-intensity technology goods contradict the arguments of signs of Dutch disease in Brazilian economy during the export boom period; vi) when compared to international standards, Brazilian exports have a high percentage of more technologically complex products; vii) there was evidence of increased technological contents in exports, but there were no consistent signs of convergence of Brazilian foreign trade specialization pattern towards the patterns of more advanced economies. In short, it is noted that, notwithstanding the increased participation of technology-intensive products in exports and the lack of evidence of retrogression in foreign trade profile, the Brazilian specialization pattern, as compared to international standards, remained characterized by a high percentage of external sales of traditional goods and high participation of more technologically complex imported products