As mudanças tecnológicas e o desemprego

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Euzébio Jorge Silveira de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9211
• topic: Desemprego tecnológico; Inovação tecnológica; Mudança institucional; Padrão de acumulação; Pós-fordismo; Technological unemployment; Technological innovation; Institutional change; Accumulation patterns; Post-fordism; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

Technological change is a key variable in the inherent accumulation process of the capitalism system. Every major transformation leads to qualitative and quantitative changes in the way the labor force is inserted on the production process. Even before the first industrial revolution there is controversy whether or not technological advancement creates structural unemployment, this debate pervaded by classical economics, still present today among structuralists and neo-Schumpeterian economists. In this paper, we analyzed the three major technological transformations of capitalism system, and if such changes are responsible for substantial changes on the employment levels. We identified that unemployment arising from technological progress assumes a cyclical character, but also follows non-economic variables. There were found different institutional arrangements and unemployment levels for similar technological standards, thus suggesting that the high level of unemployment, with low growth and productivity - seen in the post-Fordism - can be caused by factors that transcend the new technologies. By analyzing the new economic environment in Brazil, it was found that the traditional sectors generate more jobs and growth to the country, but are unable to sustain this growth in the medium and long term due to low productivity and competitive advantage. The most dynamic and technological sectors tend to generate more indirect jobs and by the income effect, diverges its technological advances to other sectors of the economy, allowing more investments and job generation