Maquiavel: secularização, política e natureza humana

• Autor(a) principal: Engelmann, Ademir Antonio
• Data de Publicação: 2005
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11569
• topic: Secularização; política; natureza humana; Machiavelli, Nicolo, 1469-1527 - Crítica e interpretação; Soberania; Ciência política; Secularization; politics; human nature; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

The present research has shown that discussion about the sovereignty idea contributes slowly to the development of political ideas If in the Middle Age arguments between temporal power defenders and divine power defenders arose most of the times thinkers interest in analyzing the political reality and its results it s on Civic Humanism that politics has been more reflected from the rescue of ancient thinking and the conception that man can be organized in societies by creating its own laws which need to be adequate to man s needs So politics are not done randomly they are man s natural demonstration as we use politics to organize life collectively and keep a gathered society Maquiavel has focused on politics from this view point with his experience as Chancellor of the Republic of Florence which was subsequently explained in political theory with Italy as a backdrop a county that was torn apart in principalities and republics and on the other hand the Church which constituted the biggest political and religious strength in Italian cities whose aim was its own institutional straightening instead of Italy s political unity s That reality led Maquiavel to develop his ideas about politics in general and particularly about the ways that Italy could overcome this situation by using a political actor capable of winning adversities and leading Italy to became a world power Only a governor with great resolve able to gather the support of different factions in Italy who dared making a strong army and able to turn laws education and religion into instruments to allow governance keeping a good image for his subordinates could enable vivere civile no Regnum Italicum standing from the principle that man is inclined to evil the existence of a human nature which must be controlled and the governor can use any extraordinary way if he needs so. Maquiavel has found samples of men in history and the greatest men in the past who had used the power of laws weapons education and religion to develop his theory of an efficient political action. Research has been around this universe analyzing Maquiavel s political ideas and his conception of human nature a condition that points to the beginning of satisfaction of one s own needs and wishes which can be controlled by law or strain