Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
Texto Completo: | https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19144 |
Resumo: | With the development of globalization, it was unleashed in the Brazilian market the need for convergence of Brazilian accounting standards with international standards. This process was driven by two important factors: the foundation of the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC) in 2005 and the enactment of Law 11.638/07, which brought changes concerning the preparation and disclosure of financial statements. With the internationalization of Brazilian accounting, it was highlighted a very important concept called primacy of substance over form. This conception provides greater reliability to the financial statements, since its main purpose is to represent the accounting events not only by the legal form but through, especially, the economic essence of the facts. It is important to note that the primacy of substance over form is undoing paradigms, mainly due to the fact that the Brazilian financial system comes from Roman law (code law), holding a brand of constantly influence the accounting for tax and legal aspects. However, emphasizing essence rather than merely formal aspects, the accountant has to be requested, to be attempted to more detailed analysis of the economic substance of the transaction, and provide interaction with many different company departments. Thus, with the concepts raised by the IFRS, the definition of permanent assets depreciation rate has become something much more elaborated than simply use the rates set by the tax authorities, effectively requiring the assessment of the useful life of the asset. Besides, to the business consolidation process, a more thorough evaluation of who owns the entity´s control is needed, demanding an analysis of the economic essence of participation, and to find out who owns more than 50% of the share capital of the company. Thereby, new values and several perceptions can be added to the accountant, allowing it to have a professional multidisciplinary approach to substantially review the accounting events. The present study examined the concept of the primacy of substance over form based on the investigation of various accounting pronouncements (CPC and IFRS), accounting standards issued by regulatory agencies as CVM, CFC and BCB, and bibliography of Brazilian and international notable authors. The case of Enron Corp. was also verified because it is an example of a consequence of not applying the primacy of substance over form. Ultimately, by analyzing the notes to the IFRS financial statements of the five largest financial conglomerates in Brazil – Brazil Bank, Bradesco, Itaú, Santander and Caixa Econômica Federal –, it was noted that the main impacts of the prevalence of content over formal issues are related to the non-recognition of financial assets in transactions in which there is substantial retention of risks (IAS 39, 1998), companies consolidation process (IFRS 10, 2011), rating of leases (IAS 17, 2003), and classification of hybrid instruments as liabilities or equities (IAS 32, 2005) |
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Marion, José CarlosSilva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da2016-10-04T16:58:58Z2016-06-30Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da. Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil. 2016. 166 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19144With the development of globalization, it was unleashed in the Brazilian market the need for convergence of Brazilian accounting standards with international standards. This process was driven by two important factors: the foundation of the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC) in 2005 and the enactment of Law 11.638/07, which brought changes concerning the preparation and disclosure of financial statements. With the internationalization of Brazilian accounting, it was highlighted a very important concept called primacy of substance over form. This conception provides greater reliability to the financial statements, since its main purpose is to represent the accounting events not only by the legal form but through, especially, the economic essence of the facts. It is important to note that the primacy of substance over form is undoing paradigms, mainly due to the fact that the Brazilian financial system comes from Roman law (code law), holding a brand of constantly influence the accounting for tax and legal aspects. However, emphasizing essence rather than merely formal aspects, the accountant has to be requested, to be attempted to more detailed analysis of the economic substance of the transaction, and provide interaction with many different company departments. Thus, with the concepts raised by the IFRS, the definition of permanent assets depreciation rate has become something much more elaborated than simply use the rates set by the tax authorities, effectively requiring the assessment of the useful life of the asset. Besides, to the business consolidation process, a more thorough evaluation of who owns the entity´s control is needed, demanding an analysis of the economic essence of participation, and to find out who owns more than 50% of the share capital of the company. Thereby, new values and several perceptions can be added to the accountant, allowing it to have a professional multidisciplinary approach to substantially review the accounting events. The present study examined the concept of the primacy of substance over form based on the investigation of various accounting pronouncements (CPC and IFRS), accounting standards issued by regulatory agencies as CVM, CFC and BCB, and bibliography of Brazilian and international notable authors. The case of Enron Corp. was also verified because it is an example of a consequence of not applying the primacy of substance over form. Ultimately, by analyzing the notes to the IFRS financial statements of the five largest financial conglomerates in Brazil – Brazil Bank, Bradesco, Itaú, Santander and Caixa Econômica Federal –, it was noted that the main impacts of the prevalence of content over formal issues are related to the non-recognition of financial assets in transactions in which there is substantial retention of risks (IAS 39, 1998), companies consolidation process (IFRS 10, 2011), rating of leases (IAS 17, 2003), and classification of hybrid instruments as liabilities or equities (IAS 32, 2005)Com o advento da globalização, desencadeou-se no mercado brasileiro a necessidade da convergência das normas contábeis brasileiras às normas internacionais. Esse processo foi impulsionado por dois importantes fatores: a criação do Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC) em 2005 e a promulgação da Lei 11.638/07, que trouxe mudanças relativas a elaboração e divulgação das demonstrações financeiras. Com a internacionalização da contabilidade brasileira, notabilizou-se uma concepção muito importante denominada primazia da essência sobre a forma. Este conceito possibilita maior fidedignidade às demonstrações contábeis, pois seu principal objetivo é representar os eventos contábeis não somente pela forma legal, mas através, sobretudo, da essência econômica dos fatos. É importante ressaltar que a primazia da essência sobre a forma vem desconstruindo paradigmas, principalmente devido ao fato de o sistema financeiro brasileiro ser proveniente do direito romano (code law), sustentando um estigma de influenciar constantemente a contabilidade por aspectos fiscais e jurídicos. No entanto, enfatizando-se o conteúdo em detrimento de aspectos meramente formais, o profissional contábil passou a ser mais solicitado, para se voltar a análises mais detalhadas da essência econômica da transação, além de proporcionar a interação com os mais diversos departamentos da empresa. Assim, com os conceitos suscitados pelo IFRS, a definição da taxa de depreciação de ativos permanente passou a ser algo muito mais elaborado, do que simplesmente utilizar as taxas definidas pelo Fisco, requerendo de fato a avaliação sobre a vida útil do bem. Ademais, para o processo de consolidação de empresas, é necessária uma avaliação muito mais minuciosa sobre quem detém o controle da entidade, requerendo-se uma análise da essência econômica da participação, do que simplesmente a avaliação de quem possui participação superior a 50% do capital acionário da empresa. Dessa maneira, novos valores e vários conhecimentos podem ser agregados ao contador, permitindo que este profissional tenha uma visão multidisciplinar, para avaliar substancialmente os eventos contábeis. O presente estudo investigou o conceito da primazia da essência sobre a forma com base na averiguação dos mais diversos pronunciamentos contábeis (CPC e IFRS), normativos contábeis emitidos por órgãos reguladores como CVM, CFC e BCB, além de bibliografias de autores renomados brasileiros e internacionais. O caso do escândalo da empresa Enron Corp foi também demonstrado, por ser um exemplo de consequência da falta de aplicação da primazia da essência sobre a forma. Por fim, através da análise das notas explicativas das demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil – Banco do Brasil, Banco Itaú, Banco Bradesco, Banco Santander e Caixa Econômica Federal –, observou-se que os principais impactos da prevalência do conteúdo sobre as questões formais estão relacionados ao “desreconhecimento” de ativos financeiros em transações nas quais haja retenção substancial de riscos (IAS 39, 1998), processo de consolidação de empresas (IFRS 10, 2011), classificação de operações de arrendamento mercantil (IAS 17, 2003) e classificação de instrumentos híbridos como passivo ou patrimônio líquido (IAS 32, 2005)application/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/39760/Fl%c3%a1via%20Augusta%20Belcorso%20da%20Silva.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e AtuariaisPUC-SPBrasilFaculdade de Economia, Administração, Contábeis e AtuariaisDemonstrações financeirasIFRSIASFinancial statementsFinancial institutesCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEISEstudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTFlávia Augusta Belcorso da Silva.pdf.txtFlávia Augusta Belcorso da Silva.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain315465https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/19144/4/Fl%c3%a1via%20Augusta%20Belcorso%20da%20Silva.pdf.txt0f97aeab1760c5198b5d688e18fd774aMD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
title |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
spellingShingle |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da Demonstrações financeiras IFRS IAS Financial statements Financial institutes CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS |
title_short |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
title_full |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
title_fullStr |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
title_sort |
Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil |
author |
Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da |
author_facet |
Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Marion, José Carlos |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da |
contributor_str_mv |
Marion, José Carlos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Demonstrações financeiras IFRS IAS |
topic |
Demonstrações financeiras IFRS IAS Financial statements Financial institutes CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Financial statements Financial institutes |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS |
description |
With the development of globalization, it was unleashed in the Brazilian market the need for convergence of Brazilian accounting standards with international standards. This process was driven by two important factors: the foundation of the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC) in 2005 and the enactment of Law 11.638/07, which brought changes concerning the preparation and disclosure of financial statements. With the internationalization of Brazilian accounting, it was highlighted a very important concept called primacy of substance over form. This conception provides greater reliability to the financial statements, since its main purpose is to represent the accounting events not only by the legal form but through, especially, the economic essence of the facts. It is important to note that the primacy of substance over form is undoing paradigms, mainly due to the fact that the Brazilian financial system comes from Roman law (code law), holding a brand of constantly influence the accounting for tax and legal aspects. However, emphasizing essence rather than merely formal aspects, the accountant has to be requested, to be attempted to more detailed analysis of the economic substance of the transaction, and provide interaction with many different company departments. Thus, with the concepts raised by the IFRS, the definition of permanent assets depreciation rate has become something much more elaborated than simply use the rates set by the tax authorities, effectively requiring the assessment of the useful life of the asset. Besides, to the business consolidation process, a more thorough evaluation of who owns the entity´s control is needed, demanding an analysis of the economic essence of participation, and to find out who owns more than 50% of the share capital of the company. Thereby, new values and several perceptions can be added to the accountant, allowing it to have a professional multidisciplinary approach to substantially review the accounting events. The present study examined the concept of the primacy of substance over form based on the investigation of various accounting pronouncements (CPC and IFRS), accounting standards issued by regulatory agencies as CVM, CFC and BCB, and bibliography of Brazilian and international notable authors. The case of Enron Corp. was also verified because it is an example of a consequence of not applying the primacy of substance over form. Ultimately, by analyzing the notes to the IFRS financial statements of the five largest financial conglomerates in Brazil – Brazil Bank, Bradesco, Itaú, Santander and Caixa Econômica Federal –, it was noted that the main impacts of the prevalence of content over formal issues are related to the non-recognition of financial assets in transactions in which there is substantial retention of risks (IAS 39, 1998), companies consolidation process (IFRS 10, 2011), rating of leases (IAS 17, 2003), and classification of hybrid instruments as liabilities or equities (IAS 32, 2005) |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-10-04T16:58:58Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-30 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da. Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil. 2016. 166 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19144 |
identifier_str_mv |
Silva, Flávia Augusta Belcorso da. Estudo do impacto da primazia da essência sobre a forma nas demonstrações financeiras em IFRS dos cinco maiores conglomerados financeiros do Brasil. 2016. 166 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais) - Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2016. |
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https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19144 |
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application/pdf |
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
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Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
PUC-SP |
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Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contábeis e Atuariais |
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
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