Escolas de canto italiana, alemã e francesa: características perceptivo-auditivas e acústicas na voz do soprano

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Nadja Barbosa de
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12033
• topic: Canto; Voz; Qualidade da voz; Análise acústica; Singing; Voice; Voice quality; Acoustic analysis; Language and Hearing Sciences; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA

among singing professionals there are different positions and conflicts over the schools of singing. Some differences are as if techniques have lost identity and have merged with the passage of time. In another view, in the light of modern concepts of teaching, schools no longer exist. In practice and scientific deepening it is evident from techniques of these schools that they are still present in the singer s performance. This study was structured in order to answer some questions on the subject. PURPOSE: to compare the vocal emission sung by sopranos in Italian, German and French schools of singing, by means of perceptive-auditory and acoustic assessments. METHOD: the data were collected in Europe, because of the representativeness of the schools and languages. The sample was composed of nine sopranos, three of each nationality, Italian, French and German. There were recorded excerpts of three Arias from Opera in their respective languages. The thesis consists of two studies. Study 1 is the perceptive-auditory assessment of voices by Speech-Language Pathologists and singing teachers. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Study 2 is the acoustic spectrum analysis of long-term average (ELT), spectral decline curve, fundamental frequency (f0) and formants. RESULTS: study 1 showed statistically significant correlations in the comparison between the sopranos in three schools. In Italy, all Italian sopranos stood out as the regular vibrato and posterior-anterior resonance, according to Speech-Language Pathologists. In the German school, two sopranos stood out in precise articulation, in the opinion of the same judges. In the French school, a smooth vocal attack was retained in the voices of the French sopranos, according to teachers. The timbre parameter next to smooth was evidenced by the German sopranos when they sang the French aria, according to two groups of judges. In study 2, the analysis of the ELT revealed that Italian sopranos presented a similar standard emission to each other, in the Italian aria, with a slight inclination of the curve of decline. The German sopranos showed sharp decline mainly in German aria. The French maintained a stroke approximately flatter curves in the spectrum, in three arias. In the analysis of the frequency values, seven among the nine sopranos performed the tune phenomenon f0-F1, in the German aria. CONCLUSION: according to the findings, the precepts of the singing schools were highlighted in the vocal quality of the sample. The Italian school stood out among the others, because the principle of posterior-anterior resonance predominated in the voice of Italian sopranos in the emission of all the arias. The German school excelled in the parameter of articulation, on the German aria, and French school had the characteristic of smooth vocal attack preserved in emission by the French sopranos