Conhecimento de si como caminho filosófico em Platão, Plotino e Proclo

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Danillo Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21491
• topic: Self (Filosofia); Autokinêsis; Caminho filosófico; Platonismo; Neoplatonismo; Self (Philosophy); Autokinêsis; Philosophical path; Platonists; Neoplatonism; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

In Proclus, the delphic adage “gnothi seauton” reached the status of the fundamental principle of philosophy, according to two perspectives: theoretical and practical. From the theoretical point of view, and in answer to the Skeptical challenge to representative knowledge in its subject-object duality, the neoplatonic tradition carried out a considerable deepening of the philosophical reflexion on self-reflectivity or conversion to one’s self (epistrophê pros eauton), thus inaugurating a form of “turn to the subject” as philosophical method. From the practical point of view, self-knowledge constituted a true spiritual path of self-care, leading the soul from a natural and irreflected condition to a life of philosophical piety and self-transformation, culminating in the soul’s deification through union to the Divine. To this end, in the neoplatonic schools of this period, a formalization of the gradual process of the soul’s education takes place, delineating in the form of a ladder of virtues and sciences, the various levels of the path to be pursued until the soul’s ascension into the beatitude of assimilation to deity. Underlying these two perspectives is a comprehension of the core of the soul, its pure indeterminate existence (huparxis), as being deiform, in such a way that upon it depends both the possibility of true knowledge, in the form of intellectual intuition (noesis), and the possibility of beatitude, in the form of love (eros). To actualize them is the purpose of the ascesis to which the platonic philosopher dedicates himself. This dissertation aims at hypothetically reconstructing, based on Proclus, this path of self-knowledge in Late Neoplatonism, starting with an investigation upon its roots in greek religion, Plato and Plotinus