A porta entreaberta: a plasticidade do messianismo político, em Ernst Bloch

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Hudson Mandotti de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/24223
• topic: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA; Bloch, Ernst [1885-1977] - Crítica e interpretação; Messianismo político; Comunismo; Bloch, Ernst [1885-1977] - Criticism and interpretation; Messianism, Political; Communism

The thesis deals with the peculiarity of the political messianic in Ernst Bloch's thought. In his extensive work, there are few analyses that specifically discuss the messianic features in the universe of action, that is, from the angles of concrete utopia, the Jewish-Christian mystique and its revolutionary aspects or in the field of Marxism whose key is a hope like Docta Spes. The investigation also points the indispensable improvement and expansion of possibilities in the field of Marxism out in Ernst Bloch's, as it brings factors of messianism that are interconnected in the historical crossing of these two peculiar moments whose vestiges of ideas have elements in common: the first is the revolution, since they radically need to search for the root of harmful causes and suppress them, the second being the soteriological illumination of a liberation of men from the reified way of life and the construction of the kingdom of freedom. The link between praxis utopia, in which it is not understandable through a philosophy of history that praises the automatic progress of a hypostatic historical path but requires a radical afterthought on the relationship between temporality and politics, in order to make it intelligible and possibly concrete transformation. Thus, part one, consists of two chapters, the weaving of concrete signs in history: the prophetic paradigm - millenarianism and its radical version, play a particularly significant role in the historical existence of eastern and western civilization: indeed, they offer the life exploration scenario a vision of a radically different world, as well as the expectation of its more or less imminent materialization. The extraordinary capacity of millenarianism to resurface in times of crisis. The emergence of the new and its political brilliance that springs from the strained perspective of catastrophe - inheritance and expectation, the collective impulse that is explained by the fact that its outcast groups, the only chance for hope for a better future, in addition to a powerful mobilizing agent. Therefore, it refutes: the false imaginary expectations, the eternal present and their fixation of the events in the "now" time. It is in this scale that memory and historical practice are called, the relevance of a future that was given to the past so that the losers can be heard. Memory as an intelligible enunciation of potentially affective mediation between past, present and future as possible in the historical-self-event - [Selbstbegegnung], man and his integration with nature. The second moment, in the part composed of chapters three and four, the ontological project of an essentially open materiality of a subject that is not totally predicated, which in this sense is the non-upheaval and the unfolding of the human in its entirety in which they remain in an expectant process, whose task is to consider that this possible of the not yet realized is what bases the transforming action of the messianic politics combined in the hot and cold flow of Marxism. And the elucidation of the human essence in extreme times, of a political scenario in times of plague, whose flashes of dialectical exercise, force the obscure experience of the lived moment to reveal the tragic portrait of the reified life submitted to capital. As is the revolutionary enthusiasm for action that, even though still unconscious, maintains the waking dream of the rebellious spirit of a construct order of human liberation. For this, Marx's thought is essential for Bloch's Marxism, in that the harmful convergence of superstructure and structure is antithesis, that is, the suppression of the harmful mechanisms that keep strange life in its eternal repetition. For Bloch, to welcome daydreaming is to glimpse New Jerusalem, each moment woven into the present of struggle is the glimpse of the anticipated future of the classless society, of the communism of the true home of men (Heimat)