Economia comportamental: comportamento dos indivíduos em finanças e investimentos

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Gabriel
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.pucsp.br/jspui/handle/handle/41690
• topic: CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA; Economia comportamental; Finanças; Investimentos; Estratégias financeiras; Behavioral economics; Finance; Investments; Financial strategies

Behavioral Economics and Finance are interdisciplinary fields that explore the complex interaction between the psychological, social, and economic aspects that shape individuals' financial decisions. Classical Economics assumes a complete rationality in economic choices, meanwhile Behavioral Economics recognizes that human beings do not act rational way altogether, due to emotional, cognitive, and social influences. The Prospect Theory, proposed by Kahneman and Tversky, highlights the tendency to value the avoidance of losses more than the search for equivalent gains, resulting in financial choices that may be inconsistent with the traditional economic logic. Furthermore, cognitive biases such as overconfidence, anchoring and loss aversion have been consistently observed in financial decisions, as they affect the way individuals assess risks and rewards. Herd behavior and social influence also play a significant role in behavioral finance, as people tend to base their investment decisions on the actions of others, which can lead to copycat behavior and the formation of speculative bubbles in financial markets. Still, financial inertia and mental accounting demonstrate how people are inclined to remain in existing financial situations or to categorize their resources in a unoptimized way.The practical application of Behavioral Economics and Finance is evident in public policy strategies, financial education, and investment decision making. Also, investors can benefit from recognizing how emotion and psychology can hold power on their investment decisions, thereby improving their risk management strategies. Concisely, Behavioral Economics and Finance represent an innovative approach that recollect the complexity of human financial decisions, incorporating emotional and cognitive factors to better understand and predict the behavior of individuals in different economic situations. This approach offers valuable insights to improve policies, strategies and interventions aimed at promoting more informed and effective decision-making