A interação fonoaudiólogo-paciente-cão: efeitos na comunicação de pacientes idosos

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Glícia Ribeiro de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11889
• topic: Atividade assistida por animais; Terapia assistida por animais; Idoso; Linguagem; Comunicação; Animal assisted activity; Animal assisted therapy; Elderly; Language; Communication; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA

INTRODUCTION: A growing scientific interest by the study of human-animal relationship it's noticeable in view of its therapeutic potential. Among the surveys (nationally and internationally) is highlighted the effectiveness of the presence of dogs in the treatment of depressive patients, Alzheimer's, autism, etc. The organization Delta Society - The Humam-Animal Health Connection- defines the Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) "involves visitation, recreation through direct contact of animals with people, proposing opportunities of motivation, with the aim of improve the quality of life" and Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) "involves professional medical services and others that use the animal as part of work and treatment." However, for the specifics of AAA / AAT in the field of speech therapy, studies are still scarce. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effects of the presence of a dog in the interaction speech therapist-elderly patient. METHOD: Survey of clinical and qualitative nature, developed in the form of case study (AAA) and clinical case study (AAT). Subjects:Subjects elderly residents in a Geriatric Clinic in São Paulo, divided into two groups: (G1): 09 participants in the AAA mode (G2): 01 patients in the AAT mode. Selection of subjects: elderly people who showed willingness / motivation through the presence and contact with the dog study participant. The choice of the dog Nara, from the breed poodle, white, with 3.0 years old followed the criteria proposed by DOTTI (rated health, temperament and socialization).PROCEDURE: 1) Research Introduction of the Research to the Clinic and the relatives of elderly. 2) Attendance in group / monthly (AAA), lasting 45 minutes. 3) Speech-language evaluation of the patient through the Protocol Assessment Language (Hage, 2004) .4) Questionnaire (based on the Demographic and Pet History Questionnaire - DHPQ) to collect data about the patient's relationship history with animals. 5) Individual speech therapy / weekly, lasting 45 minutes. Activities and sessions were recorded on digital camera and / or audio. 6) Application of the Language Assessment Protocol (Hage, 2004) at baseline and after 06 months (AAT patient). The material was transcribed according to the verbal and nonverbal elements most significant present in the speech therapist-patient-dog interaction. Simultaneously, some visits were conducted without the presence of dog (AAA and AAT). The study looked at the ethical standards established for conducting research with human beings. RESULTS: AAA: In the elderly group studied, it is clear that the presence of the dog was a facilitator / catalyst of the interactions and promoted the establishment / strengthening of interpersonal bonds, permeated through dialogism. AAT: In the Language Assessment Protocol, the patient presented evolution: an improvement in the expansion of conversation shifts though needed help from therapist to narrate and on the cohesion and coherence of his utterances, appointed mainly objects that established meanings related to Nara (guides, clothing, toys). The results regarding the patient's communicative behaviors showed the efficacy of the dog's presence, enhancing the speech therapeutic process and offering an amount of contributions to the context frame. CONCLUSION: The presence of the dog was configured as a powerful resource for creating an innovative speech frame, whose effectiveness was revealed by greater adherence to the interventions and the significant evolution of communicative performance of the subjects studied