Investigação da ocorrência de transtornos auditivos em crianças de 1ª e 2ª series do ensino fundamental

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Thais Alves de
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12229
• topic: Audição; Triagem auditiva; Saúde auditiva em escolares; Disturbios de audicao nas criancas; Hearing; Hearing screening; Hearing health in school; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FONOAUDIOLOGIA

Many studies have shown that children, whose threshold of hearing sensitivity is between 15 and 50 dB, can be diagnosed only when they are experiencing difficulties in the development of speech, language, skills of reading and writing. The ASHA (2002) suggests that the prevalence of hearing loss in children is on average of 131 to 1000 at school age, taking into account all possible hearing problems that could be found. As a criterion of "failure" in the screening, the ASHA recommends that sent the child to not respond to tone of 20 dB HL at any frequency in one or both ears. Northern and Downs (1984) suggest that sent the child to submit to the average frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz greater than or equal to 15 dB NA. Objective: To investigate the occurrence of hearing disorders in children from 1st and 2nd grade of elementary school, two schools, one from the public school system and another network of private schools, both schools of SP. Method: This was a cross sectional research, qualitative and descriptive. The sample comprised 73 children, aged between 7 and 9 years old, regularly enrolled in primary education (Group I-school) and Group II-private school). All children were subjected to the following protocol: Inventory development; otoscopy, audiometric screening to obtain the pure tone thresholds for the frequencies of 500 Hz, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 kHz in audiometric booth, and tympanometric screening. The results will be analyzed as: criteria for failure ASHA X Northern and Downs; x public school private school. Results: Statistical analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference between age and gender of the groups studied. The prevalence of children who failed otoscopy was 15.1% (n = 11), the impedance was 10.0% (n = 6) and audiometry (Northern and Downs criterion) was 12.3% (n = 9). The criterion ASHA (1991), the prevalence of failure was 15.1% (n = 11). The higher prevalence of failure to otoscopy occurred in public schools (n = 9 / 33.3%), it was also higher prevalence of failure to the hearing in public school. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of failure of the impedance between the two groups. The analysis of the protocol showed that there was a higher prevalence of failure in public schools and that this difference is statistically significant (p = 0004) only when the criterion of failure is to Northern and Downs. Conclusion: The results show that there was a higher incidence of failures in public school children, especially in otoscopy and pure tone audiometry. There were no children with hearing losses of more than mild degree. The combination of procedures for identifying children with hearing disorders is the protocol to be recommended because often the only child in a failure of procedures