Orientações na alta hospitalar a partir das necessidades sentidas por pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortopédica

• Autor(a) principal: Ito, Natália Ayres Pontual
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20076
• topic: Alta do paciente; Cuidados pós-operatórios; Ortopedia - Cirurgia; Patient discharge; Post-operative care; Orthopedics - Surgery; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

The discharge planning is based on the needs of the patient, including their learning needs, covering the period from admission to discharge, with a multi-professional approach. Among the nurses' activities, discharge planning is an important step in the systematization of nursing care. This study aimed identify the orientation needs felt by orthopedic surgical patients at hospital discharge, to know the patients´ feelings about receiving orthopedic discharge, to know the patients' perceptions of the guidelines received at discharge, to identify the professional involved in the process of orientation of discharge and to contribute to the construction of guideline to be made available to the patient and his family in the moment of discharge. Twenty patients submitted to orthopedic surgery participated in an oral interview, which was recorded in audio, guided by a script of guiding questions and a form with clinical and socio-demographic data. The content of the interviews was organized according to the reference of the Discourse of the Collective Subject and for the analysis and interpretation of these data the content analysis in thematic analysis mode was used. OREM Self-Care Theory was used for the categorization of orientation needs. Clinical and socio-demographic data were analyzed according to the frequency of their variables. The results showed that the profile of the participants is composed mainly of men, aged between 18 and 45 years, married and with full secondary education. The SUS was the prevalent health agreement and osteosynthesis was the most frequent procedure. Happiness was the main feeling related to hospital discharge. The most mentioned doubts and orientation needs were all about rehabilitation, illness/accident insurance and recovery time. The guidelines were based on universal self-care requisites (feeding, hydration, hygiene, dressing protection), health deviation in self-care requisites (rehabilitation, rest, dressing, movement, return, hand positioning, medication, intercurrence, treatment of another fracture) and developmental self-care requisites (recovery time). The guidelines were offered mainly by a physician, accompanied or not by a nurse, evidencing the absence of systematization in the discharge planning and the predominantly clinical focus of these guidelines. The survey of the orientation needs of the interviewees supported the elaboration of infographic to advise the verbal guidelines offered at the time of discharge and to be consulted at home. Our expectation that the results of the study contribute to the professionals involved in the discharge process, so that they may rethink their practices considering, above all, the systematized discharge plan