Leitura: uma proposta de ensino a alunos de segunda série do ensino fundamental por meio de software educativo

• Autor(a) principal: Fernandes, Marcia Aparecida Pasqual
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16369
• topic: Análise do comportamento; Ensino e aquisição de leitura; Equivalência de estímulos; Software educativo; Avaliacao de comportamento; Ensino auxiliado por computador; Leitura; Mestre (Programa educativo para criancas); Behavior analysis; Teaching and reading acquisition; Stimulus equivalence; Educational software; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO::FUNDAMENTOS DA EDUCACAO::PSICOLOGIA EDUCACIONAL

The schooling success in the initial grades of elementary school is an important factor for the satisfactory development in the school process, in view on the fact; this is the period that necessary academics repertoires to learning of all the contents that surround the schooling environment are taught. The difficulties in learning of reading have been studied in different approaches, such as the Behavior Analysis, that has investigated the efficacy on the stimulus equivalence paradigm, involving teaching of words and phrases. Besides, the stimulus equivalence paradigm also helped to the elaboration of educational software Mestre®, present in some of these studies. The current study had the goal of implementing a word-reading teaching proposal to eight students from the second grade of elementary school, with a diagnosis of insufficient repertoire. After evaluating the participants repertoire of previous reading, it was carried out a procedure of teaching twenty-four words formed by simple and complex syllables, developed by conditional discriminated tasks by matching process according to the model (MTS) and the choice according to the model of constructed responses (CRMTS) that were programmed with the assistance of Mestre®. The relations between dictated words (A) and picture (B) and between dictated word (A) and printed word (C) were taught. In the tasks that involved constructed responses, the relation between printed word (C) and letters that were composed the printed word (E) and between the dictated word (A) and letters that were composed the spoken word (E) were trained. After these trainings, emergency tests of non-trained relations (B-C and C-D) were executed, such as expressive reading, involving relation C-D. Also reading generalization tests composed by 15 words formed by 15 simple syllables, 15 complex syllables and 5 phrases were carried out. The results show that all the participants, but one who, did not finish the teaching program, obtained satisfactory performance levels in tests which involved reading of the training words. In relation to reading generalization of simple words, two participants reached 100% of rightness, one reached level of 93,3%, one reached level of 60% and two of them presented results less than 30%. In reading of complex syllables words, two participants reached a level further than 80% of rightness, two participants presented results less than 40%, while the others did not read any of the presented words. In relation to phrases, only one participant presented null performance; the others read more than one phrase, and one of them read the five proposed ones. For such results, more superior to the ones obtained in the evaluation of previous repertoire, it was concluded that teaching proposal permitted amplification of reading repertoire of all participants and that is possible, teaching relation between different modalities of stimuli through Mestre®, making the generalized of reading emergency possible, including the bigger units, such as phrases