Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932)
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
Texto Completo: | https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23234 |
Resumo: | Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) was a professor of chemistry at the University of Leipzig who proposed an organization of science based on energy. Ostwald won the Nobel Prize In 1909 for his work on catalysis. At the end of the nineteenth century, his proposal to consider energy as a fundamental concept in unifying all fields of knowledge initiated a movement against scientific materialism. For Ostwald, energy was analogous to the metaphysical notion of substance, meaning everything that remains in the midst of change. Ostwald justified the metaphysical concept of substance, not from a philosophical view, but from sensory experience. He organized scientific knowledge according to a pyramidal structure that classified sciences according to their degree of abstraction. In this respect, he placed the formal sciences, such as logic, arithmetic and geometry and movement at the base of the pyramid, moving on up through the physical sciences until reaching the top to find the life sciences of physiology, psychology and sociology. This research on Ostwald's work was approached from an epistemological, historiographic and social context, therefore placing Ostwald in confrontation with the scientific and philosophical movements of the time, which were concerned with whether atoms existed or not, as well as the elaboration of scientific atomic models. During this period, the word “Kraft” used in German texts in reference to the principle of conservation and translated as force, became the concept of energy widely used by Ostwald. There was a first energetic movement, which Ostwald expanded from the concept of mechanical energy into other fields of physics through thermodynamics. Finally, Ostwald can be seen as a continuator of this movement, which has further universalized the use of the concept of energy |
id |
PUC_SP-1_ed7a6918980bba02867bc3eda37b81f7 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.pucsp.br:handle/23234 |
network_acronym_str |
PUC_SP-1 |
network_name_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Beltran, Maria Helena RoxoFrascari, Alexandre2020-10-07T12:58:33Z2020-08-21Frascari , Alexandre. Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932). 2020. 87 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História da Ciência) – Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020.https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23234Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) was a professor of chemistry at the University of Leipzig who proposed an organization of science based on energy. Ostwald won the Nobel Prize In 1909 for his work on catalysis. At the end of the nineteenth century, his proposal to consider energy as a fundamental concept in unifying all fields of knowledge initiated a movement against scientific materialism. For Ostwald, energy was analogous to the metaphysical notion of substance, meaning everything that remains in the midst of change. Ostwald justified the metaphysical concept of substance, not from a philosophical view, but from sensory experience. He organized scientific knowledge according to a pyramidal structure that classified sciences according to their degree of abstraction. In this respect, he placed the formal sciences, such as logic, arithmetic and geometry and movement at the base of the pyramid, moving on up through the physical sciences until reaching the top to find the life sciences of physiology, psychology and sociology. This research on Ostwald's work was approached from an epistemological, historiographic and social context, therefore placing Ostwald in confrontation with the scientific and philosophical movements of the time, which were concerned with whether atoms existed or not, as well as the elaboration of scientific atomic models. During this period, the word “Kraft” used in German texts in reference to the principle of conservation and translated as force, became the concept of energy widely used by Ostwald. There was a first energetic movement, which Ostwald expanded from the concept of mechanical energy into other fields of physics through thermodynamics. Finally, Ostwald can be seen as a continuator of this movement, which has further universalized the use of the concept of energyFriedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) foi professor de química da Universidade de Leipzig. Em 1909, ganhou prêmio Nobel com seu trabalho sobre catálise. Mas seu grande projeto era a unificação de todos os campos do conhecimento a partir da consideração da energia como conceito fundamental. Sua proposta energética, final do século XIX, iniciou um movimento contra o materialismo científico. Para Ostwald, a definição de energia era análoga à noção metafísica de substância, como sendo tudo que permanece em meio à mudança. Ostwald justifica o conceito metafísico de substância não partindo de uma visão filosófica, mas sim da experiência sensorial. Suas ideias energéticas também serviram de orientação para propor a pirâmide como forma de organizar o conhecimento científico. Classificando as ciências segundo seu grau de abstração, colocava na base da pirâmide as ciências formais, como a lógica, a aritmética e a geometria e o movimento, passando pelas ciências físicas e chegando ao topo com as ciências da vida: a fisiologia, a psicologia e a sociologia. Este estudo sobre a obra de Ostwald partiu de uma abordagem epistemológica, historiográfica e de contextualização social. Analisaram-se posições de Ostwald em confronto com o movimento científico e filosófico da época sobre a existência ou não de átomos e os modelos atômicos científicos, bem como suas discussões que contribuíram para diferenciar os conceitos de força e energia. Verificou-se um primeiro movimento energicista, ampliado por Ostwald pelo conceito de energia da mecânica para outros campos da física por meio da termodinâmica. Ao final, posiciona-se Ostwald como um continuador desse movimento, que universalizou ainda mais o emprego do conceito de energiaConselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucsp.br/tede/retrieve/52363/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf.jpgporPontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloPrograma de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da CiênciaPUC-SPBrasilFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e TecnologiaHistória da CiênciaEnergia elétricaOstwald, Wilhelm [1853-1932]Organização do conhecimentoHistory of ScienceElectric powerOrganization of knowledgeCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIASAspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SPinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)instacron:PUC_SPTEXTAlexandre Frascari.pdf.txtAlexandre Frascari.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain138839https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/4/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf.txtb37a777569135aa07b6b50b5a84e641cMD54LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82165https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/1/license.txtbd3efa91386c1718a7f26a329fdcb468MD51ORIGINALAlexandre Frascari.pdfAlexandre Frascari.pdfapplication/pdf1339417https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/2/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdffaf24f7f3151c5a6693e5fe43f73a102MD52THUMBNAILAlexandre Frascari.pdf.jpgAlexandre Frascari.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2708https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/3/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf.jpg87e24b78fcac69dad26dfb304bdc5401MD53handle/232342022-04-28 16:13:50.228oai:repositorio.pucsp.br: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://sapientia.pucsp.br/https://sapientia.pucsp.br/oai/requestbngkatende@pucsp.br||rapassi@pucsp.bropendoar:2022-04-28T19:13:50Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
title |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
spellingShingle |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) Frascari, Alexandre História da Ciência Energia elétrica Ostwald, Wilhelm [1853-1932] Organização do conhecimento History of Science Electric power Organization of knowledge CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIAS |
title_short |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
title_full |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
title_fullStr |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
title_sort |
Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) |
author |
Frascari, Alexandre |
author_facet |
Frascari, Alexandre |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Beltran, Maria Helena Roxo |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Frascari, Alexandre |
contributor_str_mv |
Beltran, Maria Helena Roxo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
História da Ciência Energia elétrica Ostwald, Wilhelm [1853-1932] Organização do conhecimento |
topic |
História da Ciência Energia elétrica Ostwald, Wilhelm [1853-1932] Organização do conhecimento History of Science Electric power Organization of knowledge CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
History of Science Electric power Organization of knowledge |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::HISTORIA::HISTORIA DAS CIENCIAS |
description |
Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) was a professor of chemistry at the University of Leipzig who proposed an organization of science based on energy. Ostwald won the Nobel Prize In 1909 for his work on catalysis. At the end of the nineteenth century, his proposal to consider energy as a fundamental concept in unifying all fields of knowledge initiated a movement against scientific materialism. For Ostwald, energy was analogous to the metaphysical notion of substance, meaning everything that remains in the midst of change. Ostwald justified the metaphysical concept of substance, not from a philosophical view, but from sensory experience. He organized scientific knowledge according to a pyramidal structure that classified sciences according to their degree of abstraction. In this respect, he placed the formal sciences, such as logic, arithmetic and geometry and movement at the base of the pyramid, moving on up through the physical sciences until reaching the top to find the life sciences of physiology, psychology and sociology. This research on Ostwald's work was approached from an epistemological, historiographic and social context, therefore placing Ostwald in confrontation with the scientific and philosophical movements of the time, which were concerned with whether atoms existed or not, as well as the elaboration of scientific atomic models. During this period, the word “Kraft” used in German texts in reference to the principle of conservation and translated as force, became the concept of energy widely used by Ostwald. There was a first energetic movement, which Ostwald expanded from the concept of mechanical energy into other fields of physics through thermodynamics. Finally, Ostwald can be seen as a continuator of this movement, which has further universalized the use of the concept of energy |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-10-07T12:58:33Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-08-21 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Frascari , Alexandre. Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932). 2020. 87 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História da Ciência) – Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23234 |
identifier_str_mv |
Frascari , Alexandre. Aspectos da Energética de Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932). 2020. 87 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História da Ciência) – Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020. |
url |
https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/23234 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em História da Ciência |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
PUC-SP |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) instacron:PUC_SP |
instname_str |
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) |
instacron_str |
PUC_SP |
institution |
PUC_SP |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/4/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf.txt https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/1/license.txt https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/2/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf https://repositorio.pucsp.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/23234/3/Alexandre%20Frascari.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
b37a777569135aa07b6b50b5a84e641c bd3efa91386c1718a7f26a329fdcb468 faf24f7f3151c5a6693e5fe43f73a102 87e24b78fcac69dad26dfb304bdc5401 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bngkatende@pucsp.br||rapassi@pucsp.br |
_version_ |
1809277788566323200 |