Talcos sintéticos aplicados como carga em nanocompósitos de poliuretano

• Autor(a) principal: Dias, Guilherme Thomas Gerevini
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8584
• topic: Poliuretano; Talco Sintético; Nanocompósitos; Propriedades Mecânicas; Polyurethane; Synthetic Talc; Nanocomposites; Mechanical Properties; Polyuréthane; Talc Synthétique; Nanocomposites; Propriétés Mécaniques; ENGENHARIAS

Polyurethanes encompass several industrial segments. Its properties can be adapted to its application only by modifying its synthesis process and reagents. The addition of natural and/ or synthetic talc as a filler in the production of nanocomposites results in materials with superior thermal and mechanical properties. In this work the interaction and incorporation of synthetic talcs with different hydrothermal treatments in aqueous dispersions of polyurethane and solvent based polyurethanes were studied. Nanocomposites with synthetic talcs were obtained by physical mixing and by in situ polymerization. The obtained materials were characterized by DRX, TEM, BET, FTIR, DSC, TGA, GPC, DMA, AFM and MEV-FEG. By means of physical mixing, aqueous dispersion nanocomposites of polyurethane were obtained, using three synthetic talcs obtained by means of different hydrothermal treatments. Fluorescent nanocomposites of solvent-based polyurethane were obtained by physical mixing using synthetic talc and natural talc functionalized with berberine chloride (fluorescent agent). Polyurethane ternary nanocomposites were obtained by in situ polymerization with a mixture of synthetic talcs and a commercial clay. Synthetic gel and powder talc was used as catalyst and filler to obtain aqueous base polyurethane nanocomposites by in situ polymerization. In general, it was possible to observe that the synthetic talcs were well dispersed within the polyurethane matrices. The thermal and mechanical properties tend to increase with the introduction of the synthetic talcs into the polymer matrix, in relation to the neat polymer. The use of synthetic talcs as a filler, fluorescent agent and catalyst extends the range of applications of this material for the production of multifunctional nanocomposites.