Pobreza multidimensional e dinâmica espaço-temporal na região norte do Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Rosa, Samanda Silva da
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9675
• topic: Pobreza; Índice Multidimensional; Análise Espacial; Brasil; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

The objective of this thesis is to analyze the evolution of multidimensional poverty in the Northern Region of Brazil and its relationship with the territorial, economic and population dynamics. At first, a literature review was carried out in order to understand the origin and evolution of the concepts of poverty, the methodologies used to measure it over time and, finally, a compilation of studies using the methodology developed by Alkire and Foster (2008); a multidimensional poverty index (MPI) was calculated based on the Alkire-Foster methodology. The data sources come from population censuses by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the years 1991, 2000 and 2010. In the classic empirical literature on poverty, poverty would be reduced by increasing income and, thus, families would be able to consume more and, consequently, improve their standard of living. From the 19th century onwards, due to research by Townsend (1979), Streeten (1981) and Sen (1985a), poverty is no longer seen as income deprivation, that is, it leaves a unidimensional approach and moves on to a more complex one, with a perspective of deprivation in several dimensions, causing a multidimensional phenomenon. In the meantime, the consensus that only monetary measures do not allow an adequate understanding of the complex experiences of poverty in the Northern Region of Brazil are the motivators of this study. This region is of paramount importance for the national economy, not only for its vast territory, but also for its value derived from the diversity of natural and environmental resources. Therefore, the main results show a decrease in multidimensional poverty in the locality over the analyzed period, however, they show vulnerabilities, mainly in the states of Amazonas and Pará, where many micro-regions have weaknesses in all dimensions considered. Finally, the evolution of poverty at the spatial level is analyzed for the Northern Region of Brazil.