Extração supercrítica de Lycopodium Clavatum L.

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Graciane Fabiela da
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3247
• topic: ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS; EXTRAÇÃO SUPERCRÍTICA; METABOLITO SECUNDÁRIO; DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS

The Lycopodium genus plants contain secondary metabolites that make them a potential source of pharmacologically active compounds. The extract of the specie Lycopodium clavatum L. presents anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities. The supercritical fluid extraction has several advantages compared to traditional extraction techniques. Therefore, this study aimed metabolites Lycopodium clavatum L. extraction thru supercritical CO2 process. The supercritical fluid pressure and temperature as well the pretreatment time (soaking the plant in basic solution) influences in lycopodine alkaloid content in the extract were evaluated by an incomplete factorial design with three factors and three levels (Box-Behnken) and response surface methodology. The extract was subjected to Stas-Otto acid-base process and then analyzed by mass spectrometry coupled gas chromatography. The content of lycopodine was defined by normalizing peak areas of the chromatogram. The pressure was evaluated between 200 and 300 bar, the temperature between 40 to 60°C and the immersion time was zero to two hours. Oniy pressure and temperature were statistically significant, for this reason they are ideal parameters for extraction: 300 bar, 40°C, without immersion of the plant in the alkaline solution. Under these conditions we obtained a content of 20.19% of lycopodine the final extract was raised and the yield curve as a function of extraction time. This curve was modeled mathematically, with good fit, for models of Crank (1975), Sovová (1994) and Reverchon (1996). Thus parameters related the mass transfer were estimated such as difusion coefficient and mass transfer coefficient, which are important for scale-.up and process simulation. In this study, the extraction with supercritical CO2 was found toe technically feasible to obtain lycopodine, since it is more selective and with higher yields compared to the ethanol extraction case.