Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS |
Texto Completo: | http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9529 |
Resumo: | Temporal variation in bird community and breeding of grassland birds in burned areas in highland grasslands of southern Brazil Grasslands of South America have been suffering an intense transformation in the last decades, mainly due to the conversion of native grasslands to agriculture or afforestation areas. The correct use of fire, often associated to cattle raising, has been pointed as a form of management to conserve grassland areas over the world. We aimed to assess changes in communities, breeding, and territories of grassland birds over the time, in areas under different histories of fire disturbance in highland grasslands of southern Brazil. Bird communities were sampled through point counts during four seasons (2015 ? 2018), while search for nests and territories of Emberizoides ypiranganus and Sporophila melanogaster occurred in three (2013, 2016 e 2017) and two (2016 e 2017) breeding seasons, respectively. We made comparisons of richness, abundance and species composition in different years. Daily survival rates of nests were calculated with MARK program, and territories were measured using the 95% kernel estimator. Richness, abundance and species composition varied significantly in the season of the fire, returning to the initial values (year before the fire) two years after the disturbance. In areas occasionally burned or areas without fire there were differences among the seasons either, but not with an equally clear pattern. Still in the analysis on the communities, of the six species assessed individually for density, three responded significantly to time since the fire. Considering breeding, we monitored a total of 237 nests (178 of E. ypiranganus and 59 of S. melanogaster). Cumulative survival probability and productivity of the nests of both species did not show statistically significant differences among breeding seasons, both in the area burned occasionally and in the area frequently burned. However, the size and number of territories of E. ypiranganus varied over time in the area burned occasionally, with small and less territories in the season of the fire. The number of territories of S. melanogaster was lower one year after the fire in comparison with the season of the fire. In the area with frequent fire there were no changes either in the number or in the size of the measured territories. Our study is the first one to address the temporal dynamics of the effects of fire on communities and important aspects of natural history of grassland birds in southern Brazil. The results allow to know the time taken for the bird community or the territorial parameters of grassland birds to recover after a fire disturbance. Although the results deserve caution in their extrapolation due to the number of areas that it was possible to sample, information about how often fire can be used is important for planning and implementing practices that use fire as a management tool in grassland areas. Further studies should assess long-term effects caused by changes in fire regime, when an area where there was no regular fire becomes managed with fire or when this disturbance is excluded from an area that was often burned |
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Fontana, Carla Suertegarayhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8039060787792626http://lattes.cnpq.br/9425734826646149Chiarani, Eduardo2021-04-08T18:33:14Z2020-03-09http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9529Temporal variation in bird community and breeding of grassland birds in burned areas in highland grasslands of southern Brazil Grasslands of South America have been suffering an intense transformation in the last decades, mainly due to the conversion of native grasslands to agriculture or afforestation areas. The correct use of fire, often associated to cattle raising, has been pointed as a form of management to conserve grassland areas over the world. We aimed to assess changes in communities, breeding, and territories of grassland birds over the time, in areas under different histories of fire disturbance in highland grasslands of southern Brazil. Bird communities were sampled through point counts during four seasons (2015 ? 2018), while search for nests and territories of Emberizoides ypiranganus and Sporophila melanogaster occurred in three (2013, 2016 e 2017) and two (2016 e 2017) breeding seasons, respectively. We made comparisons of richness, abundance and species composition in different years. Daily survival rates of nests were calculated with MARK program, and territories were measured using the 95% kernel estimator. Richness, abundance and species composition varied significantly in the season of the fire, returning to the initial values (year before the fire) two years after the disturbance. In areas occasionally burned or areas without fire there were differences among the seasons either, but not with an equally clear pattern. Still in the analysis on the communities, of the six species assessed individually for density, three responded significantly to time since the fire. Considering breeding, we monitored a total of 237 nests (178 of E. ypiranganus and 59 of S. melanogaster). Cumulative survival probability and productivity of the nests of both species did not show statistically significant differences among breeding seasons, both in the area burned occasionally and in the area frequently burned. However, the size and number of territories of E. ypiranganus varied over time in the area burned occasionally, with small and less territories in the season of the fire. The number of territories of S. melanogaster was lower one year after the fire in comparison with the season of the fire. In the area with frequent fire there were no changes either in the number or in the size of the measured territories. Our study is the first one to address the temporal dynamics of the effects of fire on communities and important aspects of natural history of grassland birds in southern Brazil. The results allow to know the time taken for the bird community or the territorial parameters of grassland birds to recover after a fire disturbance. Although the results deserve caution in their extrapolation due to the number of areas that it was possible to sample, information about how often fire can be used is important for planning and implementing practices that use fire as a management tool in grassland areas. Further studies should assess long-term effects caused by changes in fire regime, when an area where there was no regular fire becomes managed with fire or when this disturbance is excluded from an area that was often burnedOs campos da Am?rica do Sul v?m sofrendo uma intensa transforma??o nas ?ltimas d?cadas, principalmente devido ? convers?o do campo nativo em ?reas de silvicultura ou lavouras. O uso correto do fogo, geralmente associado ? pecu?ria, tem sido apontado como uma forma de manejo para conserva??o de ?reas campestres em v?rias partes do mundo. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as mudan?as ocorridas nas comunidades, na reprodu??o e nos territ?rios de aves campestres ao longo do tempo, em ?reas submetidas a diferentes hist?ricos de dist?rbio por fogo nos campos de altitude no sul do Brasil. As comunidades de aves foram amostradas atrav?s de pontos de contagem durante quatro temporadas (2015 ? 2018), enquanto as buscas por ninhos e territ?rios de Emberizoides ypiranganus e Sporophila melanogaster ocorreram em tr?s (2013, 2016 e 2017) e duas (2016 e 2017) temporadas reprodutivas, respectivamente. Fizemos compara??es da riqueza, abund?ncia e composi??o de esp?cies nos diferentes anos. As taxas de sobreviv?ncia di?ria dos ninhos foram calculadas com o programa MARK e os territ?rios foram medidos com o estimador kernel 95%. A riqueza, abund?ncia e composi??o de esp?cie variou significativamente na temporada em que ocorreu a queimada, retornando aos valores iniciais (ano anterior ao fogo) dois anos ap?s o dist?rbio. Em ?reas queimadas anualmente ou em ?reas sem fogo tamb?m houve diferen?as entre as temporadas, mas sem um padr?o claro. Ainda nas an?lises da comunidade, das seis esp?cies avaliadas individualmente quanto ? densidade, tr?s responderam significativamente ao tempo decorrido desde o fogo. Quanto ? reprodu??o, n?s monitoramos 237 ninhos (178 de E. ypiranganus e 59 de S. melanogaster). A probabilidade de sobreviv?ncia e a produtividade dos ninhos de ambas esp?cies n?o mostraram diferen?as significativas entre as temporadas reprodutivas, tanto na ?rea queimada ocasionalmente como na ?rea frequentemente queimada. No entanto, o tamanho e o n?mero de territ?rios de E. ypiranganus variaram ao longo do tempo na ?rea queimada ocasionalmente, havendo menos territ?rios e estes sendo menores na temporada do fogo. O n?mero de territ?rios de S. melanogaster foi menor um ano ap?s o fogo em compara??o com a temporada em que ocorreu a queimada. Na ?rea com fogo frequente n?o houve mudan?as no n?mero e no tamanho dos territ?rios medidos. Nosso estudo ? o primeiro a abordar a din?mica temporal dos efeitos do fogo sobre as comunidades e aspectos importantes da hist?ria de vida de aves campestres no sul do Brasil. Os resultados obtidos permitem saber o tempo que a comunidade de aves ou os par?metros territoriais de aves campestres levam para se recuperar ap?s um evento de fogo. Embora os resultados mere?am a devida cautela na sua extrapola??o devido ao n?mero de ?reas que foi poss?vel amostrar, informa??es sobre a frequ?ncia com que o fogo pode ser utilizado s?o importantes para o planejamento e a implementa??o de pr?ticas que usam o fogo como uma ferramenta de manejo em ?reas campestres. Estudos adicionais deveriam avaliar os efeitos de longo prazo causados pela mudan?a no regime de fogo, quando uma ?rea onde n?o havia queimadas regulares passa a ser manejada com fogo ou quando esse dist?rbio ? exclu?do de uma ?rea que era frequentemente queimada.Submitted by PPG Ecologia e Evolu??o da Biodiversidade (eebpg@pucrs.br) on 2021-03-02T17:27:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Eduardo Chiarani (Final).pdf: 1627160 bytes, checksum: a34d2f9333ce6e4ecd8ce29fd5e9c2de (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sarajane Pan (sarajane.pan@pucrs.br) on 2021-04-08T18:02:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Eduardo Chiarani (Final).pdf: 1627160 bytes, checksum: a34d2f9333ce6e4ecd8ce29fd5e9c2de (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-08T18:33:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Eduardo Chiarani (Final).pdf: 1627160 bytes, checksum: a34d2f9333ce6e4ecd8ce29fd5e9c2de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-03-09Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESapplication/pdfhttp://tede2.pucrs.br:80/tede2/retrieve/180242/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpghttps://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/retrieve/187093/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgporPontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do SulPrograma de P?s Gradua??o em Ecologia e Evolu??o da BiodiversidadePUCRSBrasilEscola de Ci?nciasAves CampestresConserva??oEmberizoides YpiranganusManejoSobreviv?ncia de NinhosSporophila MelanogasterTerrit?rioConservationEmberizoides YpiranganusGrassland BirdsManagementNest SurvivalSporophila MelanogasterTerritoryCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIAVaria??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisTrabalho ser? publicado como artigo ou livro24 meses08/04/2023-64826523806012675585006003590462550136975366info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RSinstname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)instacron:PUC_RSORIGINALTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdfTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdfapplication/pdf1627160https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/5/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdfa34d2f9333ce6e4ecd8ce29fd5e9c2deMD55THUMBNAILTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg4090https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/3/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.jpgff26abc90c98ce20808fda3c70f65fefMD53TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg5841https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/7/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.jpg2b8c94cd0bbddc9f391b06b571cb9c49MD57TEXTTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txtTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txttext/plain1077https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/4/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_CONFIDENCIAL.pdf.txt5f3fe55728bc660d9b39c623715382a6MD54TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.txtTES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.txttext/plain140273https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/6/TES_EDUARDO_CHIARANI_COMPLETO.pdf.txt0d181d08f9ae3cb5c86f554133f734adMD56LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-8590https://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/bitstream/tede/9529/1/license.txt220e11f2d3ba5354f917c7035aadef24MD51tede/95292023-04-14 20:00:15.82oai:tede2.pucrs.br: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/PRIhttps://tede2.pucrs.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.central@pucrs.br||opendoar:2023-04-14T23:00:15Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
title |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
spellingShingle |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil Chiarani, Eduardo Aves Campestres Conserva??o Emberizoides Ypiranganus Manejo Sobreviv?ncia de Ninhos Sporophila Melanogaster Territ?rio Conservation Emberizoides Ypiranganus Grassland Birds Management Nest Survival Sporophila Melanogaster Territory CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
title_short |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
title_full |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
title_fullStr |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
title_sort |
Varia??o temporal na comunidade e na reprodu??o de aves campestres em ?reas queimadas nos campos de altitude no Sul do Brasil |
author |
Chiarani, Eduardo |
author_facet |
Chiarani, Eduardo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Fontana, Carla Suertegaray |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8039060787792626 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9425734826646149 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Chiarani, Eduardo |
contributor_str_mv |
Fontana, Carla Suertegaray |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Aves Campestres Conserva??o Emberizoides Ypiranganus Manejo Sobreviv?ncia de Ninhos Sporophila Melanogaster Territ?rio |
topic |
Aves Campestres Conserva??o Emberizoides Ypiranganus Manejo Sobreviv?ncia de Ninhos Sporophila Melanogaster Territ?rio Conservation Emberizoides Ypiranganus Grassland Birds Management Nest Survival Sporophila Melanogaster Territory CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Conservation Emberizoides Ypiranganus Grassland Birds Management Nest Survival Sporophila Melanogaster Territory |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
description |
Temporal variation in bird community and breeding of grassland birds in burned areas in highland grasslands of southern Brazil Grasslands of South America have been suffering an intense transformation in the last decades, mainly due to the conversion of native grasslands to agriculture or afforestation areas. The correct use of fire, often associated to cattle raising, has been pointed as a form of management to conserve grassland areas over the world. We aimed to assess changes in communities, breeding, and territories of grassland birds over the time, in areas under different histories of fire disturbance in highland grasslands of southern Brazil. Bird communities were sampled through point counts during four seasons (2015 ? 2018), while search for nests and territories of Emberizoides ypiranganus and Sporophila melanogaster occurred in three (2013, 2016 e 2017) and two (2016 e 2017) breeding seasons, respectively. We made comparisons of richness, abundance and species composition in different years. Daily survival rates of nests were calculated with MARK program, and territories were measured using the 95% kernel estimator. Richness, abundance and species composition varied significantly in the season of the fire, returning to the initial values (year before the fire) two years after the disturbance. In areas occasionally burned or areas without fire there were differences among the seasons either, but not with an equally clear pattern. Still in the analysis on the communities, of the six species assessed individually for density, three responded significantly to time since the fire. Considering breeding, we monitored a total of 237 nests (178 of E. ypiranganus and 59 of S. melanogaster). Cumulative survival probability and productivity of the nests of both species did not show statistically significant differences among breeding seasons, both in the area burned occasionally and in the area frequently burned. However, the size and number of territories of E. ypiranganus varied over time in the area burned occasionally, with small and less territories in the season of the fire. The number of territories of S. melanogaster was lower one year after the fire in comparison with the season of the fire. In the area with frequent fire there were no changes either in the number or in the size of the measured territories. Our study is the first one to address the temporal dynamics of the effects of fire on communities and important aspects of natural history of grassland birds in southern Brazil. The results allow to know the time taken for the bird community or the territorial parameters of grassland birds to recover after a fire disturbance. Although the results deserve caution in their extrapolation due to the number of areas that it was possible to sample, information about how often fire can be used is important for planning and implementing practices that use fire as a management tool in grassland areas. Further studies should assess long-term effects caused by changes in fire regime, when an area where there was no regular fire becomes managed with fire or when this disturbance is excluded from an area that was often burned |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-09 |
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2021-04-08T18:33:14Z |
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http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9529 |
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http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/9529 |
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application/pdf |
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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul |
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Programa de P?s Gradua??o em Ecologia e Evolu??o da Biodiversidade |
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PUCRS |
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Brasil |
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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul |
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