Tratamento não farmacológico no manejo da fibromialgia : revisão sistemática e descrição de sua utilização em um ambulatório especializado

• Autor(a) principal: Perrone, Guilherme Zimmermann
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6911
• topic: FIBROMIALGIA; TERAPÊUTICA; EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS; IDOSOS - DOENÇAS; GERONTOLOGIA BIOMÉDICA; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease of unknown etiology that can cause widespread pain, sleep disorders, headaches, problems with memory and concentration, mood disorders, irritable bowel syndrome and fatigue. Although there are several options available treatments, the optimal management for this disease remains unclear. Clinical guidelines recommend that treatment should be multidisciplinary, using both pharmacological therapies as non-pharmacological interventions, in order to reduce the various symptoms associated, however, the impact of these treatments is still widely discussed and approaches used in different services can vary. Objective: To present a systematic review of the non-pharmacological treatment options fibromyalgia available in the literature and through the analysis of medical records, describe the individual users of a specific clinic for this purpose in order to know the profile of these individuals, identifying possible options for non-pharmacological treatments recommended for fibromyalgia. Method: The study was divided into two stages. In a study, a systematic review of the literature regarding non-pharmacological treatment used for fibromyalgia was performed. complete articles such clinical trial were selected, pilot study, experimental study or case study, with some kind of non-pharmacological intervention for fibromyalgia, written in the languages English, Spanish and Portuguese, who had immediate results after the intervention, published in the last 5 years. Databases were used PubMed, Lilacs and Embase. We first carried out a search of online articles available. After two independent authors performed the selection of items from the reading of the titles, abstracts and, where applicable, the full articles. In cases of disagreement, the third author also made reading, deciding to include or exclude them. In study two, the review of medical records of patients users of the rheumatology clinic of São Lucas Hospital of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul was made. The study included female patients, aged less than eighteen (18) years, with an established diagnosis of fibromyalgia. The collection period included the medical records of patients seen until the month of December in the year 2015. Results: Non-pharmacological forms of treatment most commonly found are exercise programs, combined therapy, transcranial stimulation and educational programs. Regarding the review of 87 evaluated medical records were selected referring to 31 patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study. It was observed that the recommendation to perform only exercise programs was used for users 7, 9 for physical therapy, and 8 for both modes. It was not prescribed any other form of non-pharmacological intervention. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise and combined training programs appear to be more effective for the improvement of fibromyalgia symptoms, compared with flexibility exercises and resistance carried out in isolation. Combination therapies seem to have positive effects on symptoms of fibromyalgia compared to the interventions carried out in isolation. Furthermore, educational programs and transcranial stimulation also suggest produce improvements of the symptoms of fibromyalgia.