As representações sociais da punição entre policiais civis, policiais militares e gestores penitenciários do estado do Rio Grande do Sul

• Autor(a) principal: Freire, Christiane Russomano
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4961
• topic: SOCIOLOGIA DA PUNIÇÃO; INSTITUIÇÕES DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA; REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL; CRIME (DIREITO PENAL); CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO

The present research aims to contribute in the consolidation of the sociological knowledge formulated by David Garland as the Sociology of Punishment. It also aims to evaluate the extent to which changes in cultural patterns related to crime, criminals, and punishment coincide with what the British sociologist named as a new experience with the postmodern crime complex. To this end, this study revealed the social representations of punishment shared by the higher strata of three institutions that control crime in the state of Rio Grande do Sul: civilian police officers, Colonels and Colonel-Lieutenants of the Military Police, and officers and managers of the Superintendence of Prison Services (Superintendência dos Serviços Penitenciários, SUSEPE). Additionally, the Theory of Social Representations was used to break with traditional concepts that for a long time have identified punishment as a simple instrument of power, domination and disciplining. Far from denying the coercive and disciplinary functions of punishment, this theory emphasizes the symbolic dimensions of punishment as a social phenomenon, which for a long time have been neglected by educated thinking. The research instrument covered three interconnected main axes the socio-professional profile of the actors analyzed; their social representations of punishment and of the penalty of deprivation of liberty, and their concepts on crime politics , in order to question research respondents about their beliefs, feelings and criticisms regarding the study topics. In view of this, considering the historical and cultural peculiarities of Brazilian sociability, concerning both the deep country's deep economic and social inequalities and the incomplete historical task of ensuring state monopoly of legitimate violence, and also the Brazilian repeated experience with authoritarian regimes, this approach aimed to determine the extent to which trends pointed out by Garland as constituting the reconfiguration of crime control are present in the national reality, especially in the context of crime control. An analysis of the content of their discourse reveals a change in the symbolic system that reports punishment and defines new mechanisms to fight against crime. Thus, it is possible to identify two trends regarding crime control: on one hand, the restatement of the social function of punishment, aimed at ensuring the moral and social unity within a society increasingly more fractured and unequal; and, on the other hand, the skepticism towards the efficacy of imprisonment in fighting against crime and rehabilitating offenders. These notions contributed both to bury resocialization ideas and to endorse a higher intervention of penal law, especially regarding law enforcement institutions. In parallel with this, it was also observed that research participants were open-minded to preventive strategies and to the increase in control and surveillance network, which was evidenced by the support of the use of alternative sentences, electronic monitoring, and restorative techniques to solve conflicts. Although this investigation demonstrates the prevalence of punishing strategies, this topic is characterized by an undeniable ambiguity, considering its high permeability, which enables both the implementation of preventive and restorative and preventive strategies and the emergence of disputes between the many different points of view.