Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29445 |
Resumo: | Microplastic (MP) accumulation and dispersal is a growing problem at a global marine scale. The accumulation of MPs in aquatic systems is increasing due to their high perseverance and inadequate management, affecting all marine environments and adversely impacting ecosystem services and even human health. The study of these contaminants, namely their concentration and spatial distribution, as well as their physical characteristics, is fundamental to mitigate and reduce the associated risks. Due to the high population density on the Portuguese coast, this area is a zone of high contamination by MPs, being the rivers their main transport mode to coastal waters. In order to understand the distributions of MPs and the way they evolve in space and time, is essential to develop studies in this area. Thus, the purpose of this study is to simulate the transport and accumulation of MPs along the Portuguese coast and adjacent waters. The methodology followed comprised the development and implementation of a three-dimensional model using the Delft3D suite, coupling the Flow and particle-tracking (D-WAQ PART) models. Three scenarios were created: scenario 1 aims to comprehend the trajectory of the MPs of different diameters and types; scenario 2 was developed to understand the distribution and accumulation zones of MPs released per river; and scenario 3 aims to assess the effect of wind on the MPs fate. The simulations show that all MPs move to north in winter and tend to stay close to the release point in summer, following the local hydrodynamics. The higher density and larger MPs tend to sink more than those of lower density and smaller dimension, which in turn tend to travel longer distances. The effect of wind on the distribution of MPs, regardless of direction and season, favors the sinking of particles and dispersion off the platform. The main factors that influence the distribution and accumulation of MPs in the study area are the local hydrodynamic and geomorphology, followed by the diameter of the MPs. This study contributes to improve the understanding about the fate and transport of MPs along the Portuguese coast and to detect critical accumulation zones. |
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Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coastNumerical modelingMicroplasticsParticlesPortuguese coastDelft3DMicroplastic (MP) accumulation and dispersal is a growing problem at a global marine scale. The accumulation of MPs in aquatic systems is increasing due to their high perseverance and inadequate management, affecting all marine environments and adversely impacting ecosystem services and even human health. The study of these contaminants, namely their concentration and spatial distribution, as well as their physical characteristics, is fundamental to mitigate and reduce the associated risks. Due to the high population density on the Portuguese coast, this area is a zone of high contamination by MPs, being the rivers their main transport mode to coastal waters. In order to understand the distributions of MPs and the way they evolve in space and time, is essential to develop studies in this area. Thus, the purpose of this study is to simulate the transport and accumulation of MPs along the Portuguese coast and adjacent waters. The methodology followed comprised the development and implementation of a three-dimensional model using the Delft3D suite, coupling the Flow and particle-tracking (D-WAQ PART) models. Three scenarios were created: scenario 1 aims to comprehend the trajectory of the MPs of different diameters and types; scenario 2 was developed to understand the distribution and accumulation zones of MPs released per river; and scenario 3 aims to assess the effect of wind on the MPs fate. The simulations show that all MPs move to north in winter and tend to stay close to the release point in summer, following the local hydrodynamics. The higher density and larger MPs tend to sink more than those of lower density and smaller dimension, which in turn tend to travel longer distances. The effect of wind on the distribution of MPs, regardless of direction and season, favors the sinking of particles and dispersion off the platform. The main factors that influence the distribution and accumulation of MPs in the study area are the local hydrodynamic and geomorphology, followed by the diameter of the MPs. This study contributes to improve the understanding about the fate and transport of MPs along the Portuguese coast and to detect critical accumulation zones.A acumulação e dispersão de microplásticos (MPs) é um problema crescente em escala global. A acumulação de MPs nos sistemas aquáticos está a aumentar devido à sua alta persistência e manejo inadequado, afetando todos os ambientes marinhos e podendo inclusivamente afetar adversamente os serviços dos ecossistemas e até a saúde humana. O estudo destes contaminantes, nomeadamente a sua concentração e distribuição espacial, bem como suas características físicas e químicas, é fundamental para mitigar e reduzir os riscos associados. Devido à alta densidade populacional existente na costa portuguesa, esta área é uma zona de alta contaminação por MPs, sendo os rios o principal meio de transporte para as águas costeiras. Para compreender as distribuições dos MPs e a maneira como estes evoluem no espaço e no tempo, é essencial o desenvolvimento de estudos nesta área. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é simular o transporte e a acumulação de MPs ao longo da costa portuguesa e águas adjacentes. A metodologia seguida compreendeu o desenvolvimento e a implementação de um modelo tridimensional utilizando o modelo Delft3D, acoplando os módulos de fluxo e localização de partículas (D-WAQ PART). Foram então criados 3 cenários: o cenário 1 tem como objetivo compreender a trajetória dos MPs de diferentes diâmetros e tipos; o cenário 2 foi desenvolvido com o intuito de perceber a distribuição e zonas de acumulação dos MPs libertados por cada rio; e o cenário 3 pretende avaliar o efeito do vento no destino dos MPs. As simulações mostram que todos os MPs se deslocam para o norte no inverno e tendem a permanecer perto do ponto de libertação no verão, seguindo a hidrodinâmica local. Os MPs de maior densidade e de maior dimensão tendem a afundar mais do que os de menor densidade e de menor dimensão, que, por sua vez, tendem a percorrer distâncias maiores. O efeito do vento na distribuição dos MPs, independentemente da direção e estação do ano, favorece o afundamento de partículas e a dispersão destas para fora da plataforma. Os principais fatores que influenciam a distribuição e a acumulação de MPs na área de estudo são a hidrodinâmica e a geomorfologia local, seguidos pelo diâmetro dos MPs. Este estudo contribui para melhorar a compreensão sobre o destino e o transporte de MPs ao longo da costa portuguesa e para detetar zonas críticas de acumulação.2020-10-14T14:28:38Z2019-12-01T00:00:00Z2019-12info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/29445engRaimundo, Gabrielainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T11:56:58Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/29445Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:01:47.182891Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
title |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
spellingShingle |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast Raimundo, Gabriela Numerical modeling Microplastics Particles Portuguese coast Delft3D |
title_short |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
title_full |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
title_fullStr |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
title_full_unstemmed |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
title_sort |
Numerical modelling of microplastics transport and accumulation throughout Portuguese coast |
author |
Raimundo, Gabriela |
author_facet |
Raimundo, Gabriela |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Raimundo, Gabriela |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Numerical modeling Microplastics Particles Portuguese coast Delft3D |
topic |
Numerical modeling Microplastics Particles Portuguese coast Delft3D |
description |
Microplastic (MP) accumulation and dispersal is a growing problem at a global marine scale. The accumulation of MPs in aquatic systems is increasing due to their high perseverance and inadequate management, affecting all marine environments and adversely impacting ecosystem services and even human health. The study of these contaminants, namely their concentration and spatial distribution, as well as their physical characteristics, is fundamental to mitigate and reduce the associated risks. Due to the high population density on the Portuguese coast, this area is a zone of high contamination by MPs, being the rivers their main transport mode to coastal waters. In order to understand the distributions of MPs and the way they evolve in space and time, is essential to develop studies in this area. Thus, the purpose of this study is to simulate the transport and accumulation of MPs along the Portuguese coast and adjacent waters. The methodology followed comprised the development and implementation of a three-dimensional model using the Delft3D suite, coupling the Flow and particle-tracking (D-WAQ PART) models. Three scenarios were created: scenario 1 aims to comprehend the trajectory of the MPs of different diameters and types; scenario 2 was developed to understand the distribution and accumulation zones of MPs released per river; and scenario 3 aims to assess the effect of wind on the MPs fate. The simulations show that all MPs move to north in winter and tend to stay close to the release point in summer, following the local hydrodynamics. The higher density and larger MPs tend to sink more than those of lower density and smaller dimension, which in turn tend to travel longer distances. The effect of wind on the distribution of MPs, regardless of direction and season, favors the sinking of particles and dispersion off the platform. The main factors that influence the distribution and accumulation of MPs in the study area are the local hydrodynamic and geomorphology, followed by the diameter of the MPs. This study contributes to improve the understanding about the fate and transport of MPs along the Portuguese coast and to detect critical accumulation zones. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-12-01T00:00:00Z 2019-12 2020-10-14T14:28:38Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29445 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29445 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799137673413132288 |