OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/163872 |
Resumo: | The global energy demand has been increasing, so the development of renewable energy sources is imperative, more specifically, the photovoltaic. One of these technologies is Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS), and due to the use of scarce materials, the reduction of the absorber layer to the sub-micrometre scale (ultrathin) has been studied. However, this reduction leads to incomplete light absorption and recombination losses at the inter-faces, highlighting the need for light management strategies. Ultrathin bifacial solar cells allow light absorption from both surfaces, providing an additional energy-yield gain, and by integrating light-dispersive metallic nanoparticles (NPs) at the rear interface, this improvement can be even more significant. Finite-difference time-domain optical simulations were performed to study the viability of a plasmonic periodic architecture in an ultrathin CIGS bifacial solar cell. For this purpose, a periodic square array of NPs on an indium tin oxide (ITO) rear contact was optimized, considering two different metallic NPs, Au and Ag, encapsulated with dif-ferent dielectric materials, SiO2, Al2O3, HfO2, and TiO2. From the studied architectures, a NPs’ radius of 80 nm and an interdistance of 150 nm, encapsulated with 10 nm of TiO2, resulted in the best performance for Au and Ag NPs, with a short-circuit current density increase of 6.19 and 6.92 %, respectively. In order to obtain a plasmonic NPs-based architecture with the desired properties, two different approaches were studied. Thermal dewetting of Au thin films was performed for different process conditions, obtaining random arrays of NPs. A study of how the annealing was affecting ITO substrate’s properties was conducted, followed by a process optimization consisting in changing the annealing atmosphere and decreasing ITO’s roughness. On the other hand, a lithographic process based on nanoimprint lithography was also developed and optimized to obtain a periodic square array of NPs, by varying the parameters at different process stages. |
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OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLSnanoparticlesplasmoniclight managementthermal dewettingnanoimprint lithographyFDTDDomínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::NanotecnologiaThe global energy demand has been increasing, so the development of renewable energy sources is imperative, more specifically, the photovoltaic. One of these technologies is Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS), and due to the use of scarce materials, the reduction of the absorber layer to the sub-micrometre scale (ultrathin) has been studied. However, this reduction leads to incomplete light absorption and recombination losses at the inter-faces, highlighting the need for light management strategies. Ultrathin bifacial solar cells allow light absorption from both surfaces, providing an additional energy-yield gain, and by integrating light-dispersive metallic nanoparticles (NPs) at the rear interface, this improvement can be even more significant. Finite-difference time-domain optical simulations were performed to study the viability of a plasmonic periodic architecture in an ultrathin CIGS bifacial solar cell. For this purpose, a periodic square array of NPs on an indium tin oxide (ITO) rear contact was optimized, considering two different metallic NPs, Au and Ag, encapsulated with dif-ferent dielectric materials, SiO2, Al2O3, HfO2, and TiO2. From the studied architectures, a NPs’ radius of 80 nm and an interdistance of 150 nm, encapsulated with 10 nm of TiO2, resulted in the best performance for Au and Ag NPs, with a short-circuit current density increase of 6.19 and 6.92 %, respectively. In order to obtain a plasmonic NPs-based architecture with the desired properties, two different approaches were studied. Thermal dewetting of Au thin films was performed for different process conditions, obtaining random arrays of NPs. A study of how the annealing was affecting ITO substrate’s properties was conducted, followed by a process optimization consisting in changing the annealing atmosphere and decreasing ITO’s roughness. On the other hand, a lithographic process based on nanoimprint lithography was also developed and optimized to obtain a periodic square array of NPs, by varying the parameters at different process stages.O aumento da demanda de energia evidencia a necessidade de desenvolvimento de fontes de energia sustentáveis, nomeadamente, a fotovoltaica. Uma destas tecnologias é Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS), que utiliza ma-teriais escassos, pelo que a redução da sua espessura para a escala sub-micrométrica (ultrafino) tem vindo a ocorrer. No entanto, esta redução leva à absorção incompleta da luz e perdas por recombinação nas interfaces, evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias de manipulação de luz. Células solares bifaciais ultrafinas permitem a entrada de luz por ambos os lados, proporcionando um aumento de rendimento energético, que pode ser mais significativo com a integração de nanopartículas (NPs) metálicas na interface traseira, que dispersam a luz incidente. Realizaram-se simulações óticas através do método de diferenças finitas no domínio do tempo para estudar a viabilidade da integração de uma arquitetura periódica plasmónica numa célula solar CIGS bifacial ultrafina. Uma arquitetura periódica de NPs em óxido de índio dopado com estanho (ITO) foi otimizada, considerando NPs de Au e Ag, encapsuladas com SiO2, Al2O3, HfO2 e TiO2. A disposição periódica com NPs de raio= 80 nm e espaçamento= 150 nm, encapsuladas com 10 nm de TiO2, apresentou um melhor desempenho para NPs de Au e Ag, levando a aumentos de densidade de corrente de curto-circuito de 6.19 e 6.92 %, respe-tivamente. Foram estudados dois métodos de fabricação para a obtenção de uma prova de conceito para uma arquitetura baseada em NPs. Thermal dewetting de filmes finos de Au em ITO foi efetuado para diferentes condições de processo, obtendo-se NPs aleatórias. Efetuou-se um estudo da variação das propriedades do ITO com o tratamento térmico, e otimizou-se o processo considerando diferentes atmosferas e através da redução da rugosidade do ITO. Um processo litográfico baseado em litografia por nanoimpressão foi também desenvolvido e otimizado, variando as condições dos diferentes passos do processo.Teixeira, JenniferÁguas, HugoRUNRebola, Pedro Miguel Vilela Pereira Valentim2024-02-21T15:42:33Z2023-112023-11-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/163872enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T05:49:11Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/163872Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:59:53.335108Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
title |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
spellingShingle |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS Rebola, Pedro Miguel Vilela Pereira Valentim nanoparticles plasmonic light management thermal dewetting nanoimprint lithography FDTD Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Nanotecnologia |
title_short |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
title_full |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
title_fullStr |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
title_full_unstemmed |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
title_sort |
OPTIMIZATION OF A SCATTERING METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ARRAY TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN ULTRATHIN CIGS BIFACIAL SOLAR CELLS |
author |
Rebola, Pedro Miguel Vilela Pereira Valentim |
author_facet |
Rebola, Pedro Miguel Vilela Pereira Valentim |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Teixeira, Jennifer Águas, Hugo RUN |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rebola, Pedro Miguel Vilela Pereira Valentim |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
nanoparticles plasmonic light management thermal dewetting nanoimprint lithography FDTD Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Nanotecnologia |
topic |
nanoparticles plasmonic light management thermal dewetting nanoimprint lithography FDTD Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Nanotecnologia |
description |
The global energy demand has been increasing, so the development of renewable energy sources is imperative, more specifically, the photovoltaic. One of these technologies is Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS), and due to the use of scarce materials, the reduction of the absorber layer to the sub-micrometre scale (ultrathin) has been studied. However, this reduction leads to incomplete light absorption and recombination losses at the inter-faces, highlighting the need for light management strategies. Ultrathin bifacial solar cells allow light absorption from both surfaces, providing an additional energy-yield gain, and by integrating light-dispersive metallic nanoparticles (NPs) at the rear interface, this improvement can be even more significant. Finite-difference time-domain optical simulations were performed to study the viability of a plasmonic periodic architecture in an ultrathin CIGS bifacial solar cell. For this purpose, a periodic square array of NPs on an indium tin oxide (ITO) rear contact was optimized, considering two different metallic NPs, Au and Ag, encapsulated with dif-ferent dielectric materials, SiO2, Al2O3, HfO2, and TiO2. From the studied architectures, a NPs’ radius of 80 nm and an interdistance of 150 nm, encapsulated with 10 nm of TiO2, resulted in the best performance for Au and Ag NPs, with a short-circuit current density increase of 6.19 and 6.92 %, respectively. In order to obtain a plasmonic NPs-based architecture with the desired properties, two different approaches were studied. Thermal dewetting of Au thin films was performed for different process conditions, obtaining random arrays of NPs. A study of how the annealing was affecting ITO substrate’s properties was conducted, followed by a process optimization consisting in changing the annealing atmosphere and decreasing ITO’s roughness. On the other hand, a lithographic process based on nanoimprint lithography was also developed and optimized to obtain a periodic square array of NPs, by varying the parameters at different process stages. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-11 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z 2024-02-21T15:42:33Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/163872 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10362/163872 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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