Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://hdl.handle.net/1822/75889 |
Resumo: | The temperature dependent electrical conductivity <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) and thermopower (Seebeck coefficient) <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) from 303.15 K (30 °C) to 373.15 K (100 °C) of an as-received commercial n-type vapour grown carbon nanofibre (CNF) powder and its melt-mixed polypropylene (PP) composite with 5 wt.% of CNFs have been analysed. At 30 °C, the <i>σ</i> and <i>S</i> of the CNF powder are ~136 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −5.1 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, whereas its PP/CNF composite showed lower conductivities and less negative S-values of ~15 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −3.4 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) of both samples presents a d<i>σ</i>/d<i>T</i> < 0 character described by the 3D variable range hopping (VRH) model. In contrast, their <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) shows a d<i>S</i>/d<i>T</i> > 0 character, also observed in some doped multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) mats with nonlinear thermopower behaviour, and explained here from the contribution of impurities in the CNF structure such as oxygen and sulphur, which cause sharply varying and localized states at approximately 0.09 eV above their Fermi energy level (<i>E<sub>F</sub></i>). |
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Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene compositesPolypropyleneCarbon nanofibersThermoelectric propertiesN-type polymer compositesVariable range hoppingScience & TechnologyThe temperature dependent electrical conductivity <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) and thermopower (Seebeck coefficient) <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) from 303.15 K (30 °C) to 373.15 K (100 °C) of an as-received commercial n-type vapour grown carbon nanofibre (CNF) powder and its melt-mixed polypropylene (PP) composite with 5 wt.% of CNFs have been analysed. At 30 °C, the <i>σ</i> and <i>S</i> of the CNF powder are ~136 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −5.1 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, whereas its PP/CNF composite showed lower conductivities and less negative S-values of ~15 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −3.4 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) of both samples presents a d<i>σ</i>/d<i>T</i> < 0 character described by the 3D variable range hopping (VRH) model. In contrast, their <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) shows a d<i>S</i>/d<i>T</i> > 0 character, also observed in some doped multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) mats with nonlinear thermopower behaviour, and explained here from the contribution of impurities in the CNF structure such as oxygen and sulphur, which cause sharply varying and localized states at approximately 0.09 eV above their Fermi energy level (<i>E<sub>F</sub></i>).Antonio J. Paleo gratefully acknowledges support from FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology by the “plurianual” 2020–2023 Project UIDB/00264/2020. E. Muñoz acknowledges support from Fondecyt grant number 1190361 and from ANID PIA Anillo ACT/192023.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Universidade do MinhoVieito, António Jose PaleoKrause, BeateCerqueira, M. F.Muñoz, EnriquePötschke, PetraRocha, A. M.2022-01-102022-01-10T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/75889engPaleo, A.J.; Krause, B.; Cerqueira, M.F.; Muñoz, E.; Pötschke, P.; Rocha, A.M. Nonlinear Thermopower Behaviour of N-Type Carbon Nanofibres and Their Melt Mixed Polypropylene Composites. Polymers 2022, 14, 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym140202692073-436010.3390/polym14020269269https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/2/269info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:23:20Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/75889Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:17:02.187417Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
title |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
spellingShingle |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites Vieito, António Jose Paleo Polypropylene Carbon nanofibers Thermoelectric properties N-type polymer composites Variable range hopping Science & Technology |
title_short |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
title_full |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
title_fullStr |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
title_sort |
Nonlinear thermopower behaviour of n-type carbon nanofibres and their melt mixed polypropylene composites |
author |
Vieito, António Jose Paleo |
author_facet |
Vieito, António Jose Paleo Krause, Beate Cerqueira, M. F. Muñoz, Enrique Pötschke, Petra Rocha, A. M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Krause, Beate Cerqueira, M. F. Muñoz, Enrique Pötschke, Petra Rocha, A. M. |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade do Minho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Vieito, António Jose Paleo Krause, Beate Cerqueira, M. F. Muñoz, Enrique Pötschke, Petra Rocha, A. M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Polypropylene Carbon nanofibers Thermoelectric properties N-type polymer composites Variable range hopping Science & Technology |
topic |
Polypropylene Carbon nanofibers Thermoelectric properties N-type polymer composites Variable range hopping Science & Technology |
description |
The temperature dependent electrical conductivity <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) and thermopower (Seebeck coefficient) <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) from 303.15 K (30 °C) to 373.15 K (100 °C) of an as-received commercial n-type vapour grown carbon nanofibre (CNF) powder and its melt-mixed polypropylene (PP) composite with 5 wt.% of CNFs have been analysed. At 30 °C, the <i>σ</i> and <i>S</i> of the CNF powder are ~136 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −5.1 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, whereas its PP/CNF composite showed lower conductivities and less negative S-values of ~15 S m<sup>−1</sup> and −3.4 μV K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The <i>σ</i> (<i>T</i>) of both samples presents a d<i>σ</i>/d<i>T</i> < 0 character described by the 3D variable range hopping (VRH) model. In contrast, their <i>S</i> (<i>T</i>) shows a d<i>S</i>/d<i>T</i> > 0 character, also observed in some doped multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) mats with nonlinear thermopower behaviour, and explained here from the contribution of impurities in the CNF structure such as oxygen and sulphur, which cause sharply varying and localized states at approximately 0.09 eV above their Fermi energy level (<i>E<sub>F</sub></i>). |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-10 2022-01-10T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/75889 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/75889 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Paleo, A.J.; Krause, B.; Cerqueira, M.F.; Muñoz, E.; Pötschke, P.; Rocha, A.M. Nonlinear Thermopower Behaviour of N-Type Carbon Nanofibres and Their Melt Mixed Polypropylene Composites. Polymers 2022, 14, 269. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14020269 2073-4360 10.3390/polym14020269 269 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/2/269 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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