BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/38155 |
Resumo: | Toxic gaseous organic air pollutants such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (m, p, and o-x) (BTEX) are considered hazardous due to its adverse impacts on human health and on climate change. This review identifies the major research questions addressed so far and the research gap in research articles, published between 2001 and 2022, focusing on the ambient BTEX concentrations in different locations in India along with its sources, ozone formation potential (OFP), and associated health risks. The ambient levels of BTEX were also compared with those of other Asian countries. A comparison of ambient BTEX levels with different microenvironments in India is also presented. BTEX concentrations were found in the range of 30.95 to 317.18 µg m−3 and multi-fold higher in urban environments than those measured in the rural air. In most reported studies, the order of occurrence of BTEX compounds was toluene > benzene > xylene isomers > ethylbenzene and winter had higher concentrations than in other seasons, including summer. As far as BTEX levels in classified areas of urban environments are concerned, traffic locations have shown the highest BTEX concentrations, followed by residential, commercial, and industrial locations. OFP indicated that xylene isomers and toluene contributed to ozone formation. The major gaps in reported studies on BTEX measurement are (1) source apportionment; (2) impact on lower tropospheric chemistry, human health, and climate change; and (3) removal techniques from air. |
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BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impactBTEXOzone formation potential (OFP)Volatile organic compound (VOCs)Toxic gaseous organic air pollutants such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (m, p, and o-x) (BTEX) are considered hazardous due to its adverse impacts on human health and on climate change. This review identifies the major research questions addressed so far and the research gap in research articles, published between 2001 and 2022, focusing on the ambient BTEX concentrations in different locations in India along with its sources, ozone formation potential (OFP), and associated health risks. The ambient levels of BTEX were also compared with those of other Asian countries. A comparison of ambient BTEX levels with different microenvironments in India is also presented. BTEX concentrations were found in the range of 30.95 to 317.18 µg m−3 and multi-fold higher in urban environments than those measured in the rural air. In most reported studies, the order of occurrence of BTEX compounds was toluene > benzene > xylene isomers > ethylbenzene and winter had higher concentrations than in other seasons, including summer. As far as BTEX levels in classified areas of urban environments are concerned, traffic locations have shown the highest BTEX concentrations, followed by residential, commercial, and industrial locations. OFP indicated that xylene isomers and toluene contributed to ozone formation. The major gaps in reported studies on BTEX measurement are (1) source apportionment; (2) impact on lower tropospheric chemistry, human health, and climate change; and (3) removal techniques from air.Springer2023-06-21T09:26:11Z2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/38155eng0049-697910.1007/s11270-022-05863-8Tamrakar, AishwaryashriPervez, ShamshVerma, MadhuriMajumdar, DipanjaliPervez, Yasmeen FatimaCandeias, CarlaDugga, PrincyMishra, ArchiVerma, Sushant RanjanDeb, Manas KantiShrivas, KamleshSatnami, Manmohan L.Karbhal, Indrapalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T12:13:45Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/38155Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:08:21.139079Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
title |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
spellingShingle |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact Tamrakar, Aishwaryashri BTEX Ozone formation potential (OFP) Volatile organic compound (VOCs) |
title_short |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
title_full |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
title_fullStr |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
title_full_unstemmed |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
title_sort |
BTEX in ambient air of India: a scoping review of their concentrations, sources, and impact |
author |
Tamrakar, Aishwaryashri |
author_facet |
Tamrakar, Aishwaryashri Pervez, Shamsh Verma, Madhuri Majumdar, Dipanjali Pervez, Yasmeen Fatima Candeias, Carla Dugga, Princy Mishra, Archi Verma, Sushant Ranjan Deb, Manas Kanti Shrivas, Kamlesh Satnami, Manmohan L. Karbhal, Indrapal |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pervez, Shamsh Verma, Madhuri Majumdar, Dipanjali Pervez, Yasmeen Fatima Candeias, Carla Dugga, Princy Mishra, Archi Verma, Sushant Ranjan Deb, Manas Kanti Shrivas, Kamlesh Satnami, Manmohan L. Karbhal, Indrapal |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tamrakar, Aishwaryashri Pervez, Shamsh Verma, Madhuri Majumdar, Dipanjali Pervez, Yasmeen Fatima Candeias, Carla Dugga, Princy Mishra, Archi Verma, Sushant Ranjan Deb, Manas Kanti Shrivas, Kamlesh Satnami, Manmohan L. Karbhal, Indrapal |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
BTEX Ozone formation potential (OFP) Volatile organic compound (VOCs) |
topic |
BTEX Ozone formation potential (OFP) Volatile organic compound (VOCs) |
description |
Toxic gaseous organic air pollutants such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (m, p, and o-x) (BTEX) are considered hazardous due to its adverse impacts on human health and on climate change. This review identifies the major research questions addressed so far and the research gap in research articles, published between 2001 and 2022, focusing on the ambient BTEX concentrations in different locations in India along with its sources, ozone formation potential (OFP), and associated health risks. The ambient levels of BTEX were also compared with those of other Asian countries. A comparison of ambient BTEX levels with different microenvironments in India is also presented. BTEX concentrations were found in the range of 30.95 to 317.18 µg m−3 and multi-fold higher in urban environments than those measured in the rural air. In most reported studies, the order of occurrence of BTEX compounds was toluene > benzene > xylene isomers > ethylbenzene and winter had higher concentrations than in other seasons, including summer. As far as BTEX levels in classified areas of urban environments are concerned, traffic locations have shown the highest BTEX concentrations, followed by residential, commercial, and industrial locations. OFP indicated that xylene isomers and toluene contributed to ozone formation. The major gaps in reported studies on BTEX measurement are (1) source apportionment; (2) impact on lower tropospheric chemistry, human health, and climate change; and (3) removal techniques from air. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z 2022 2023-06-21T09:26:11Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/38155 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/38155 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0049-6979 10.1007/s11270-022-05863-8 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Springer |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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