Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://hdl.handle.net/1822/84604 |
Resumo: | (1) Background: The embodied energy of building materials is a significant contributor to climate change, in tandem with the energy use intensity (EUI). Yet, studies on the material impacts of European retail buildings, namely with relation to EUI, are missing. Hence, this study set out to: (i) evaluate the embodied energy and carbon emissions for a European retail building; (ii) quantify the material flow in terms of mass; (iii) compare the embodied aspects to the operational EUI and carbon use intensity (CUI); (iv) assess building materials with higher impacts; and (v) investigate strategies to mitigate materials’ impacts. (2) Methods: A Portuguese retail building was selected as a case study. A simplified LCA method was followed (cradle-to-gate), analysing the shell building materials in terms of primary energy demand and global warming potential. (3) Results: the embodied energy represented 32% of total lifecycle energy while the embodied carbon represented 94%. EUI was 1×kWh/m<sup>2</sup>/y while CUI was 21 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>/y. The embodied energy was 4248 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>, and the embodied carbon was 1689 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>. Cement mortar, steel, concrete, and extruded polystyrene were the most intensive materials. (4) Conclusions: The embodied impacts of the analysed store could decrease by choosing stone wool sandwich panels for the facades instead of extruded polystyrene panels and roof systems with metal sheet coverings instead of bitumen materials. |
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Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in PortugalRetail buildingsBuilding shellEnvironmental impactEmbodied energyPrimary energyGHG emissionsGWPLCAScience & Technology(1) Background: The embodied energy of building materials is a significant contributor to climate change, in tandem with the energy use intensity (EUI). Yet, studies on the material impacts of European retail buildings, namely with relation to EUI, are missing. Hence, this study set out to: (i) evaluate the embodied energy and carbon emissions for a European retail building; (ii) quantify the material flow in terms of mass; (iii) compare the embodied aspects to the operational EUI and carbon use intensity (CUI); (iv) assess building materials with higher impacts; and (v) investigate strategies to mitigate materials’ impacts. (2) Methods: A Portuguese retail building was selected as a case study. A simplified LCA method was followed (cradle-to-gate), analysing the shell building materials in terms of primary energy demand and global warming potential. (3) Results: the embodied energy represented 32% of total lifecycle energy while the embodied carbon represented 94%. EUI was 1×kWh/m<sup>2</sup>/y while CUI was 21 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>/y. The embodied energy was 4248 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>, and the embodied carbon was 1689 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>. Cement mortar, steel, concrete, and extruded polystyrene were the most intensive materials. (4) Conclusions: The embodied impacts of the analysed store could decrease by choosing stone wool sandwich panels for the facades instead of extruded polystyrene panels and roof systems with metal sheet coverings instead of bitumen materials.This research was funded by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (grant number PD/BD/127852/2016) under the Doctoral Program EcoCoRe—Eco-Construction and Rehabilitation. Support from CERIS and Instituto Superior Técnico is also acknowledged.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Universidade do MinhoFerreira, AnaPinheiro, Manuel DuarteBrito, Jorge deMateus, Ricardo20232023-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/84604engFerreira, A.; Pinheiro, M.D.; de Brito, J.; Mateus, R. Embodied vs. Operational Energy and Carbon in Retail Building Shells: A Case Study in Portugal. Energies 2023, 16, 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/en160103781996-107310.3390/en16010378378https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/378info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-12-23T01:33:00Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/84604Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:28:06.503808Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
title |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
spellingShingle |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal Ferreira, Ana Retail buildings Building shell Environmental impact Embodied energy Primary energy GHG emissions GWP LCA Science & Technology |
title_short |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
title_full |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
title_fullStr |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
title_sort |
Embodied vs. operational energy and carbon in retail building shells: a case study in Portugal |
author |
Ferreira, Ana |
author_facet |
Ferreira, Ana Pinheiro, Manuel Duarte Brito, Jorge de Mateus, Ricardo |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pinheiro, Manuel Duarte Brito, Jorge de Mateus, Ricardo |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade do Minho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Ana Pinheiro, Manuel Duarte Brito, Jorge de Mateus, Ricardo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Retail buildings Building shell Environmental impact Embodied energy Primary energy GHG emissions GWP LCA Science & Technology |
topic |
Retail buildings Building shell Environmental impact Embodied energy Primary energy GHG emissions GWP LCA Science & Technology |
description |
(1) Background: The embodied energy of building materials is a significant contributor to climate change, in tandem with the energy use intensity (EUI). Yet, studies on the material impacts of European retail buildings, namely with relation to EUI, are missing. Hence, this study set out to: (i) evaluate the embodied energy and carbon emissions for a European retail building; (ii) quantify the material flow in terms of mass; (iii) compare the embodied aspects to the operational EUI and carbon use intensity (CUI); (iv) assess building materials with higher impacts; and (v) investigate strategies to mitigate materials’ impacts. (2) Methods: A Portuguese retail building was selected as a case study. A simplified LCA method was followed (cradle-to-gate), analysing the shell building materials in terms of primary energy demand and global warming potential. (3) Results: the embodied energy represented 32% of total lifecycle energy while the embodied carbon represented 94%. EUI was 1×kWh/m<sup>2</sup>/y while CUI was 21 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>/y. The embodied energy was 4248 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>, and the embodied carbon was 1689 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>. Cement mortar, steel, concrete, and extruded polystyrene were the most intensive materials. (4) Conclusions: The embodied impacts of the analysed store could decrease by choosing stone wool sandwich panels for the facades instead of extruded polystyrene panels and roof systems with metal sheet coverings instead of bitumen materials. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/84604 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/84604 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, A.; Pinheiro, M.D.; de Brito, J.; Mateus, R. Embodied vs. Operational Energy and Carbon in Retail Building Shells: A Case Study in Portugal. Energies 2023, 16, 378. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010378 1996-1073 10.3390/en16010378 378 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/378 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799132775410827264 |