Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/3820 |
Resumo: | ABSTRACT: An air quality monitoring campaign by passive sampling techniques was carried out, for the first time, between November 2016 and January 2017 on the Cape Verdean island of Fogo, whose volcanic mountain rises up to 2829 m. Levels of SO2 and acid gases (HF, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4) were, in most cases, below the detection limits. Alkylpentanes, hexane, cycloalkanes and toluene were the dominant volatile organic compounds. The m,p-xylene/ethylbenzene ratios revealed that air masses arriving at Cape Verde have been subjected to significant aging processes. High toluene/benzene ratios suggested extra sources of toluene in addition to vehicle emissions. Deposition rates of total settleable dust ranged from 23 to 155 mg/m(2)/day. On average, organic carbon accounted for 15.6% of the dust mass, whereas elemental carbon was generally undetected. Minerals comprised the dominant mass fraction. The dust levels were mostly affected by two main airflows: the westerlies and the Saharan Air Layer. These air masses contributed to the transport of mineral dust from desert regions, secondary inorganic constituents (SO42-, NO3- and NH4+) and tracers of biomass burning emissions, such as potassium. Sea salt represented 12% of the mass of settleable dust. Scanning electron microscope observations of several particles with different compositions, shapes and sizes revealed high silica mass fractions in all samples, as well as variable contents of carbonates, sulphates, aluminosilicates, Fe, Ti, F and NaCl, suggesting that, in addition to the already mentioned sources, dust is likely linked to industrial emissions in the northern and north-western coast of the African continent. Although some atmospheric constituents presented higher concentrations near the crater, the small fumarolic activity still present after cessation of the eruption in February 2015 has a limited impact on air quality, which is most affected by long range transport and some local sources at specific locations. |
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Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape VerdeFogo volcanoDust depositionAcid gasesIonsEnvironmental impactRisk assessmentABSTRACT: An air quality monitoring campaign by passive sampling techniques was carried out, for the first time, between November 2016 and January 2017 on the Cape Verdean island of Fogo, whose volcanic mountain rises up to 2829 m. Levels of SO2 and acid gases (HF, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4) were, in most cases, below the detection limits. Alkylpentanes, hexane, cycloalkanes and toluene were the dominant volatile organic compounds. The m,p-xylene/ethylbenzene ratios revealed that air masses arriving at Cape Verde have been subjected to significant aging processes. High toluene/benzene ratios suggested extra sources of toluene in addition to vehicle emissions. Deposition rates of total settleable dust ranged from 23 to 155 mg/m(2)/day. On average, organic carbon accounted for 15.6% of the dust mass, whereas elemental carbon was generally undetected. Minerals comprised the dominant mass fraction. The dust levels were mostly affected by two main airflows: the westerlies and the Saharan Air Layer. These air masses contributed to the transport of mineral dust from desert regions, secondary inorganic constituents (SO42-, NO3- and NH4+) and tracers of biomass burning emissions, such as potassium. Sea salt represented 12% of the mass of settleable dust. Scanning electron microscope observations of several particles with different compositions, shapes and sizes revealed high silica mass fractions in all samples, as well as variable contents of carbonates, sulphates, aluminosilicates, Fe, Ti, F and NaCl, suggesting that, in addition to the already mentioned sources, dust is likely linked to industrial emissions in the northern and north-western coast of the African continent. Although some atmospheric constituents presented higher concentrations near the crater, the small fumarolic activity still present after cessation of the eruption in February 2015 has a limited impact on air quality, which is most affected by long range transport and some local sources at specific locations.ElsevierRepositório do LNEGAlves, CéliaCandeias, CarlaNunes, TeresaTomé, MárioVicente, EstelaÁvila, Paula FreireRocha, Fernando2022-04-05T15:00:20Z2018-12-01T00:00:00Z2018-12-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/3820engAlves, Célia... [et.al.] - Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde. In: Atmospheric Research, 2018, Vol. 214, pp. 250-2620169-809510.1016/j.atmosres.2018.08.0021873-2895info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2022-09-06T12:29:37Zoai:repositorio.lneg.pt:10400.9/3820Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T15:37:04.555919Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
title |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
spellingShingle |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde Alves, Célia Fogo volcano Dust deposition Acid gases Ions Environmental impact Risk assessment |
title_short |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
title_full |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
title_fullStr |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
title_full_unstemmed |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
title_sort |
Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde |
author |
Alves, Célia |
author_facet |
Alves, Célia Candeias, Carla Nunes, Teresa Tomé, Mário Vicente, Estela Ávila, Paula Freire Rocha, Fernando |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Candeias, Carla Nunes, Teresa Tomé, Mário Vicente, Estela Ávila, Paula Freire Rocha, Fernando |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório do LNEG |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Alves, Célia Candeias, Carla Nunes, Teresa Tomé, Mário Vicente, Estela Ávila, Paula Freire Rocha, Fernando |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fogo volcano Dust deposition Acid gases Ions Environmental impact Risk assessment |
topic |
Fogo volcano Dust deposition Acid gases Ions Environmental impact Risk assessment |
description |
ABSTRACT: An air quality monitoring campaign by passive sampling techniques was carried out, for the first time, between November 2016 and January 2017 on the Cape Verdean island of Fogo, whose volcanic mountain rises up to 2829 m. Levels of SO2 and acid gases (HF, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and H3PO4) were, in most cases, below the detection limits. Alkylpentanes, hexane, cycloalkanes and toluene were the dominant volatile organic compounds. The m,p-xylene/ethylbenzene ratios revealed that air masses arriving at Cape Verde have been subjected to significant aging processes. High toluene/benzene ratios suggested extra sources of toluene in addition to vehicle emissions. Deposition rates of total settleable dust ranged from 23 to 155 mg/m(2)/day. On average, organic carbon accounted for 15.6% of the dust mass, whereas elemental carbon was generally undetected. Minerals comprised the dominant mass fraction. The dust levels were mostly affected by two main airflows: the westerlies and the Saharan Air Layer. These air masses contributed to the transport of mineral dust from desert regions, secondary inorganic constituents (SO42-, NO3- and NH4+) and tracers of biomass burning emissions, such as potassium. Sea salt represented 12% of the mass of settleable dust. Scanning electron microscope observations of several particles with different compositions, shapes and sizes revealed high silica mass fractions in all samples, as well as variable contents of carbonates, sulphates, aluminosilicates, Fe, Ti, F and NaCl, suggesting that, in addition to the already mentioned sources, dust is likely linked to industrial emissions in the northern and north-western coast of the African continent. Although some atmospheric constituents presented higher concentrations near the crater, the small fumarolic activity still present after cessation of the eruption in February 2015 has a limited impact on air quality, which is most affected by long range transport and some local sources at specific locations. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-12-01T00:00:00Z 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z 2022-04-05T15:00:20Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/3820 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.9/3820 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Alves, Célia... [et.al.] - Passive monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in Fogo Island, Cape Verde. In: Atmospheric Research, 2018, Vol. 214, pp. 250-262 0169-8095 10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.08.002 1873-2895 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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