Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102210 |
Resumo: | The Kingdom of Portugal was established with the help of military-monastic orders, which provided important defence against Muslim armies during the 12th–13th century Christian conquest. While historical sources document the main events of this period, this research seeks to elucidate individual lifestyles and movement, aspects typically absent from written records. A multi-isotopic approach was used on skeletal material from eight Christian and two Muslim burials from Évora, Portugal (11th–13th centuries). Anthropological and archaeological evidence suggests the Christian adults belonged to the Évora Militia, which we seek to confirm through the reconstructed diet and mobility of these individuals. Stable carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotopes were measured in bone collagen, and radiogenic strontium, carbonate stable oxygen and apatite stable carbon isotopes were measured in tooth enamel. Results of the stable oxygen and radiogenic strontium isotopes indicated diverse origins of the Christian population, while at least one individual was local. The Muslim adult was local, as anticipated. The δ13C en (enamel) values provide evidence of childhood consumption of different cereals (C3 and C4), possibly linked to social status. The δ13 C col (bone collagen) human values indicated mostly C3 diets with varying inputs of C4, while δ15 N reflected high protein intake overall. The mean diet-consumer spacing of this population was compared to other isotopic studies from Medieval Iberia and other European monastic/convent populations. A visible trend emerged in populations that likely followed religious fasting rules, including the Évora Christians. The results of this study indicate that the Order of Évora was composed of members from diverse geographic and possibly social origins, an aspect previously unclear in written sources. |
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Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, PortugalDiet mobilityIsotopesMedievalPortugalThe Kingdom of Portugal was established with the help of military-monastic orders, which provided important defence against Muslim armies during the 12th–13th century Christian conquest. While historical sources document the main events of this period, this research seeks to elucidate individual lifestyles and movement, aspects typically absent from written records. A multi-isotopic approach was used on skeletal material from eight Christian and two Muslim burials from Évora, Portugal (11th–13th centuries). Anthropological and archaeological evidence suggests the Christian adults belonged to the Évora Militia, which we seek to confirm through the reconstructed diet and mobility of these individuals. Stable carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotopes were measured in bone collagen, and radiogenic strontium, carbonate stable oxygen and apatite stable carbon isotopes were measured in tooth enamel. Results of the stable oxygen and radiogenic strontium isotopes indicated diverse origins of the Christian population, while at least one individual was local. The Muslim adult was local, as anticipated. The δ13C en (enamel) values provide evidence of childhood consumption of different cereals (C3 and C4), possibly linked to social status. The δ13 C col (bone collagen) human values indicated mostly C3 diets with varying inputs of C4, while δ15 N reflected high protein intake overall. The mean diet-consumer spacing of this population was compared to other isotopic studies from Medieval Iberia and other European monastic/convent populations. A visible trend emerged in populations that likely followed religious fasting rules, including the Évora Christians. The results of this study indicate that the Order of Évora was composed of members from diverse geographic and possibly social origins, an aspect previously unclear in written sources.Elsevier2020-04-14T06:13:20Z2020-04-142020-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102210porhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X19301993ndndtmf@uevora.ptndndndndndndndndndnd605MacRoberts, Rebbeca AnneBarroca Dias, CristinaMatos Fernandes, TeresaSantos, Ana LuísaUmbelino, CláudiaGonçalves, AnaSantos, JoséRibeiro, SaraSchöne, Bernd RBarros, FilomenaCorreia, FernandoVasconcelos Vilar, HermíniaMaurer, Anne-Franceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-03T19:23:32Zoai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/27802Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:17:47.626875Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
title |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
spellingShingle |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal MacRoberts, Rebbeca Anne Diet mobility Isotopes Medieval Portugal |
title_short |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
title_full |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
title_fullStr |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
title_sort |
Diet and mobility during the Christian conquest of Iberia:The multi-isotopic investigation of a 12th–13th century military order in Évora, Portugal |
author |
MacRoberts, Rebbeca Anne |
author_facet |
MacRoberts, Rebbeca Anne Barroca Dias, Cristina Matos Fernandes, Teresa Santos, Ana Luísa Umbelino, Cláudia Gonçalves, Ana Santos, José Ribeiro, Sara Schöne, Bernd R Barros, Filomena Correia, Fernando Vasconcelos Vilar, Hermínia Maurer, Anne-France |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Barroca Dias, Cristina Matos Fernandes, Teresa Santos, Ana Luísa Umbelino, Cláudia Gonçalves, Ana Santos, José Ribeiro, Sara Schöne, Bernd R Barros, Filomena Correia, Fernando Vasconcelos Vilar, Hermínia Maurer, Anne-France |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
MacRoberts, Rebbeca Anne Barroca Dias, Cristina Matos Fernandes, Teresa Santos, Ana Luísa Umbelino, Cláudia Gonçalves, Ana Santos, José Ribeiro, Sara Schöne, Bernd R Barros, Filomena Correia, Fernando Vasconcelos Vilar, Hermínia Maurer, Anne-France |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Diet mobility Isotopes Medieval Portugal |
topic |
Diet mobility Isotopes Medieval Portugal |
description |
The Kingdom of Portugal was established with the help of military-monastic orders, which provided important defence against Muslim armies during the 12th–13th century Christian conquest. While historical sources document the main events of this period, this research seeks to elucidate individual lifestyles and movement, aspects typically absent from written records. A multi-isotopic approach was used on skeletal material from eight Christian and two Muslim burials from Évora, Portugal (11th–13th centuries). Anthropological and archaeological evidence suggests the Christian adults belonged to the Évora Militia, which we seek to confirm through the reconstructed diet and mobility of these individuals. Stable carbon, nitrogen and sulphur isotopes were measured in bone collagen, and radiogenic strontium, carbonate stable oxygen and apatite stable carbon isotopes were measured in tooth enamel. Results of the stable oxygen and radiogenic strontium isotopes indicated diverse origins of the Christian population, while at least one individual was local. The Muslim adult was local, as anticipated. The δ13C en (enamel) values provide evidence of childhood consumption of different cereals (C3 and C4), possibly linked to social status. The δ13 C col (bone collagen) human values indicated mostly C3 diets with varying inputs of C4, while δ15 N reflected high protein intake overall. The mean diet-consumer spacing of this population was compared to other isotopic studies from Medieval Iberia and other European monastic/convent populations. A visible trend emerged in populations that likely followed religious fasting rules, including the Évora Christians. The results of this study indicate that the Order of Évora was composed of members from diverse geographic and possibly social origins, an aspect previously unclear in written sources. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-04-14T06:13:20Z 2020-04-14 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802 http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102210 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27802 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102210 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X19301993 nd nd tmf@uevora.pt nd nd nd nd nd nd nd nd nd nd 605 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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