Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Alves, C.
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Figueiredo, Carlos A. M., Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge, Hernández, Ana C.
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/1822/74694
Resumo: Natural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject the same rock type to testing with different salt solutions. The results mostly support the accepted notion of the major impact of sodium sulphate, although there are some exceptions. The effects of sodium chloride and calcium sulphate deserve specific discussion given field information on the relevance of these specific salts in the built environment. We relate the information collected to the issues of risk assessment (considering both geochemical conditions and salt effects) and conservation interventions (highlighting the interest of tests that do not produce damage to susceptible materials) and present some methodological suggestions to avoid a case study culture.
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spelling Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studiesWater–stone interactionStone erosionLaboratory simulationHazards studiesMaterials conservationReplicationTesting methodologyArts & HumanitiesScience & TechnologyNatural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject the same rock type to testing with different salt solutions. The results mostly support the accepted notion of the major impact of sodium sulphate, although there are some exceptions. The effects of sodium chloride and calcium sulphate deserve specific discussion given field information on the relevance of these specific salts in the built environment. We relate the information collected to the issues of risk assessment (considering both geochemical conditions and salt effects) and conservation interventions (highlighting the interest of tests that do not produce damage to susceptible materials) and present some methodological suggestions to avoid a case study culture.The Lab2PT-Landscapes, Heritage and Territory laboratory—UIDB/04509/2020 is supported by the Portuguese FCT—“Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia”. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the CERENA (funded by a strategic project of the FCTUIDB/04028/2020) and the LAMPIST of the DECivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Portugal. The University Institute of Geology of the University of A Coruña (Spain) receives support from the Xunta de Galicia from the program “Consolidación y estructuración de unidades de investigación competitivas: Grupos de potencial de crecimiento” (ED431B 2018/47) and Redes de investigación (R2017/008).Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Universidade do MinhoAlves, C.Figueiredo, Carlos A. M.Sanjurjo-Sánchez, JorgeHernández, Ana C.2021-08-032021-08-03T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/1822/74694engAlves, C.; Figueiredo, C.A.M.; Sanjurjo-Sánchez, J.; Hernández, A.C. Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies. Heritage 2021, 4, 1554-1565. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage40300862571-940810.3390/heritage4030086https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/4/3/86info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:53:25Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/74694Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:52:46.724334Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
title Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
spellingShingle Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
Alves, C.
Water–stone interaction
Stone erosion
Laboratory simulation
Hazards studies
Materials conservation
Replication
Testing methodology
Arts & Humanities
Science & Technology
title_short Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
title_full Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
title_fullStr Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
title_full_unstemmed Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
title_sort Salt weathering of natural stone: a review of comparative laboratory studies
author Alves, C.
author_facet Alves, C.
Figueiredo, Carlos A. M.
Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge
Hernández, Ana C.
author_role author
author2 Figueiredo, Carlos A. M.
Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge
Hernández, Ana C.
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade do Minho
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Alves, C.
Figueiredo, Carlos A. M.
Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge
Hernández, Ana C.
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Water–stone interaction
Stone erosion
Laboratory simulation
Hazards studies
Materials conservation
Replication
Testing methodology
Arts & Humanities
Science & Technology
topic Water–stone interaction
Stone erosion
Laboratory simulation
Hazards studies
Materials conservation
Replication
Testing methodology
Arts & Humanities
Science & Technology
description Natural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject the same rock type to testing with different salt solutions. The results mostly support the accepted notion of the major impact of sodium sulphate, although there are some exceptions. The effects of sodium chloride and calcium sulphate deserve specific discussion given field information on the relevance of these specific salts in the built environment. We relate the information collected to the issues of risk assessment (considering both geochemical conditions and salt effects) and conservation interventions (highlighting the interest of tests that do not produce damage to susceptible materials) and present some methodological suggestions to avoid a case study culture.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-08-03
2021-08-03T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/1822/74694
url http://hdl.handle.net/1822/74694
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Alves, C.; Figueiredo, C.A.M.; Sanjurjo-Sánchez, J.; Hernández, A.C. Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies. Heritage 2021, 4, 1554-1565. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030086
2571-9408
10.3390/heritage4030086
https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/4/3/86
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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