On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/14685 |
Resumo: | The emergence of millimeter-wave based technologies is pushing the deployment of the 5th generation of mobile communications (5G), on the potential to achieve multi-gigabit and low-latency wireless links. Part of this breakthrough was only possible with the introduction of small antenna arrays, capable to form highly directional and electronically steerable beams. This strategy allowed the overcoming of some drawbacks, but with a higher price: the re-design of the lower layers by introducing beamforming techniques. The impact of these changes is not well studied on the higher layers, in the most recent stacks (IEEE 802.11ad, 3GPP). Thus, the study of real deployments and the use of accurate network simulators play a key role, by enabling the test of complex large-scale scenarios. This article presents a key component missing in the simulation of mmWave networks, a blockage model. To the best of our knowledge, this is first blockage model that emulates the effects of obstacles in the mmWave links. Additionally, a codebook generation of a phased antenna array, with the Quasi-Deterministic (Q-D) channel model is also presented. All models are tested and compared with an outdoor mmWave network using the IEEE 802.11ad standard. The simulated and the real-life tests show similar results, with an average error for the worst case of 2.43% (index ranges) and 4.51% (distance), and to an average standard deviation of about 1.33 dBm and 2.26 dBm. |
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On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave5G backhaulWireless backhaulmmWaveIEEE 802.11adns-3 simulatorBeamformingDirectional communicationsLink blockageThe emergence of millimeter-wave based technologies is pushing the deployment of the 5th generation of mobile communications (5G), on the potential to achieve multi-gigabit and low-latency wireless links. Part of this breakthrough was only possible with the introduction of small antenna arrays, capable to form highly directional and electronically steerable beams. This strategy allowed the overcoming of some drawbacks, but with a higher price: the re-design of the lower layers by introducing beamforming techniques. The impact of these changes is not well studied on the higher layers, in the most recent stacks (IEEE 802.11ad, 3GPP). Thus, the study of real deployments and the use of accurate network simulators play a key role, by enabling the test of complex large-scale scenarios. This article presents a key component missing in the simulation of mmWave networks, a blockage model. To the best of our knowledge, this is first blockage model that emulates the effects of obstacles in the mmWave links. Additionally, a codebook generation of a phased antenna array, with the Quasi-Deterministic (Q-D) channel model is also presented. All models are tested and compared with an outdoor mmWave network using the IEEE 802.11ad standard. The simulated and the real-life tests show similar results, with an average error for the worst case of 2.43% (index ranges) and 4.51% (distance), and to an average standard deviation of about 1.33 dBm and 2.26 dBm.IEEERCIPLFigueiredo, AlexandreFerreira, TâniaRaposo, DuarteLuís, MiguelRito, PedroSargento, Susana2022-06-02T09:49:48Z2022-05-102022-05-10T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/14685engFIGUEIREDO, Alexandre; [et al] – On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave. IEEE Access. ISSN 2169-3536. Vol. 10 (2022), pp. 51191-51208.2169-353610.1109/ACCESS.2022.3174085info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-08-03T10:11:13Zoai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/14685Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T20:22:27.109117Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
title |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
spellingShingle |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave Figueiredo, Alexandre 5G backhaul Wireless backhaul mmWave IEEE 802.11ad ns-3 simulator Beamforming Directional communications Link blockage |
title_short |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
title_full |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
title_fullStr |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
title_sort |
On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave |
author |
Figueiredo, Alexandre |
author_facet |
Figueiredo, Alexandre Ferreira, Tânia Raposo, Duarte Luís, Miguel Rito, Pedro Sargento, Susana |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Ferreira, Tânia Raposo, Duarte Luís, Miguel Rito, Pedro Sargento, Susana |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
RCIPL |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Figueiredo, Alexandre Ferreira, Tânia Raposo, Duarte Luís, Miguel Rito, Pedro Sargento, Susana |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
5G backhaul Wireless backhaul mmWave IEEE 802.11ad ns-3 simulator Beamforming Directional communications Link blockage |
topic |
5G backhaul Wireless backhaul mmWave IEEE 802.11ad ns-3 simulator Beamforming Directional communications Link blockage |
description |
The emergence of millimeter-wave based technologies is pushing the deployment of the 5th generation of mobile communications (5G), on the potential to achieve multi-gigabit and low-latency wireless links. Part of this breakthrough was only possible with the introduction of small antenna arrays, capable to form highly directional and electronically steerable beams. This strategy allowed the overcoming of some drawbacks, but with a higher price: the re-design of the lower layers by introducing beamforming techniques. The impact of these changes is not well studied on the higher layers, in the most recent stacks (IEEE 802.11ad, 3GPP). Thus, the study of real deployments and the use of accurate network simulators play a key role, by enabling the test of complex large-scale scenarios. This article presents a key component missing in the simulation of mmWave networks, a blockage model. To the best of our knowledge, this is first blockage model that emulates the effects of obstacles in the mmWave links. Additionally, a codebook generation of a phased antenna array, with the Quasi-Deterministic (Q-D) channel model is also presented. All models are tested and compared with an outdoor mmWave network using the IEEE 802.11ad standard. The simulated and the real-life tests show similar results, with an average error for the worst case of 2.43% (index ranges) and 4.51% (distance), and to an average standard deviation of about 1.33 dBm and 2.26 dBm. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-06-02T09:49:48Z 2022-05-10 2022-05-10T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/14685 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/14685 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
FIGUEIREDO, Alexandre; [et al] – On the real experimentation and simulation models for millimeter-wave. IEEE Access. ISSN 2169-3536. Vol. 10 (2022), pp. 51191-51208. 2169-3536 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3174085 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IEEE |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
IEEE |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799133496759812096 |