Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Santa María Fernández, María Teresa
Data de Publicação: 2023
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: spa
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690
Resumo: First, we study and comment how Achilles figure is adapted in the Spanish Literature and then we analyse his myth in the exile theatre. The Spanish Civil War, in 1936, remember the classic Trojan War, that appear in the Greek Tragedies and Epic in the war itself, the republic surrenders and, finally, the exile. On the other hand, Ulysses is a paradigmatic representation of the “nostoi” or come back desire, while Achilles is the fighter with some sense of justice. However, in the two exile plays where the Greek hero appears, the image is not of a mythic and epic warrior. José Ramón Enríquez, member of the “Second Generation” and resident in Mexico, presents, like in other plays with classic plot, another point of view about the fight between the Trojan princeps Hector and the Greek hero Achilles. Bergamín, writer with more literary experience before the exile, removes Achilles presence like revenge causa of Teodora/Hecuba in La hija de Dios. There are two innovative conceptions about Achilles and the war in both playwrights. Because Bergamín and Enríquez knew the horrible consequences – death and exile – that the war causes. So, they Will denounce and create another end for the mythic Achilles story.
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spelling Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José BergamínAquiles, un personaje actualizado en dos obras del exilio español de 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, de José Ramón Enríquez y La hija de Dios, de José BergamínFirst, we study and comment how Achilles figure is adapted in the Spanish Literature and then we analyse his myth in the exile theatre. The Spanish Civil War, in 1936, remember the classic Trojan War, that appear in the Greek Tragedies and Epic in the war itself, the republic surrenders and, finally, the exile. On the other hand, Ulysses is a paradigmatic representation of the “nostoi” or come back desire, while Achilles is the fighter with some sense of justice. However, in the two exile plays where the Greek hero appears, the image is not of a mythic and epic warrior. José Ramón Enríquez, member of the “Second Generation” and resident in Mexico, presents, like in other plays with classic plot, another point of view about the fight between the Trojan princeps Hector and the Greek hero Achilles. Bergamín, writer with more literary experience before the exile, removes Achilles presence like revenge causa of Teodora/Hecuba in La hija de Dios. There are two innovative conceptions about Achilles and the war in both playwrights. Because Bergamín and Enríquez knew the horrible consequences – death and exile – that the war causes. So, they Will denounce and create another end for the mythic Achilles story.Tras estudiar y comentar cómo se concibe la figura de Aquiles dentro de Literatura española, se pasa a analizar su presencia en obras del exilio. La guerra civil española de 1936 lleva a rememorar la contienda clásica, vivida y evocada en diversos poemas épicos y tragedias de Troya, dentro de algunas producciones teatrales de los exiliados que evocan el triste final de los vencidos y su destierro forzoso. Por otro lado, si Ulises se convierte en paradigma del deseo de regresar y “volver” a la patria que los desterró, Aquiles debería haber conformado el ideal de guerrero, fiero, pero con cierto sentido de la justicia. Sin embargo, en dos obras dramáticas exiliadas donde se rememora la figura del héroe griego, la imagen no corresponde con la de un guerrero mítico y añorado. De esta forma, José Ramón Enríquez, autor de la llamada “segunda generación” y residente en México, presenta, como ya realizó en otras obras de temática clásica, otra perspectiva inesperada para el enfrentamiento entre el príncipe troyano Héctor y el griego Aquiles. Por su parte, José Bergamín, escritor con una larga trayectoria literaria cuando se exilió, ningunea la presencia de este personaje como causa primera de la venganza urdida por Teodora/Hécuba en La hija de Dios. Se trata de una concepción novedosa respecto a Aquiles y a la guerra por parte de ambos dramaturgos; seguramente, provocada porque los dos eran conscientes de las consecuencias crueles – muerte y destierro – que todo conflicto armado provoca y denunciarán o idearán otro desenlace para la historia del mítico Aquiles.UA Editora - Universidade de Aveiro2023-11-17info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690https://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690Forma Breve; No 19 (2023): A fúria de Aquiles: as faces da guerra; 343-354Forma Breve; n.º 19 (2023): A fúria de Aquiles: as faces da guerra; 343-3542183-47091645-927Xreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPspahttps://proa.ua.pt/index.php/formabreve/article/view/34690https://proa.ua.pt/index.php/formabreve/article/view/34690/23014Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 María Teresa Santa María Fernándezhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSanta María Fernández, María Teresa2023-11-30T18:45:39Zoai:proa.ua.pt:article/34690Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T23:19:33.826384Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
Aquiles, un personaje actualizado en dos obras del exilio español de 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, de José Ramón Enríquez y La hija de Dios, de José Bergamín
title Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
spellingShingle Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
Santa María Fernández, María Teresa
title_short Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
title_full Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
title_fullStr Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
title_full_unstemmed Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
title_sort Achilles, an updated character in two Spanish plays of exile of 1939: Héctor y Aquiles, by José Ramón Enríquez and La hija de Dios, by José Bergamín
author Santa María Fernández, María Teresa
author_facet Santa María Fernández, María Teresa
author_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Santa María Fernández, María Teresa
description First, we study and comment how Achilles figure is adapted in the Spanish Literature and then we analyse his myth in the exile theatre. The Spanish Civil War, in 1936, remember the classic Trojan War, that appear in the Greek Tragedies and Epic in the war itself, the republic surrenders and, finally, the exile. On the other hand, Ulysses is a paradigmatic representation of the “nostoi” or come back desire, while Achilles is the fighter with some sense of justice. However, in the two exile plays where the Greek hero appears, the image is not of a mythic and epic warrior. José Ramón Enríquez, member of the “Second Generation” and resident in Mexico, presents, like in other plays with classic plot, another point of view about the fight between the Trojan princeps Hector and the Greek hero Achilles. Bergamín, writer with more literary experience before the exile, removes Achilles presence like revenge causa of Teodora/Hecuba in La hija de Dios. There are two innovative conceptions about Achilles and the war in both playwrights. Because Bergamín and Enríquez knew the horrible consequences – death and exile – that the war causes. So, they Will denounce and create another end for the mythic Achilles story.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-11-17
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690
https://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690
url https://doi.org/10.34624/fb.v0i19.34690
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv spa
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://proa.ua.pt/index.php/formabreve/article/view/34690
https://proa.ua.pt/index.php/formabreve/article/view/34690/23014
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 María Teresa Santa María Fernández
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 María Teresa Santa María Fernández
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv UA Editora - Universidade de Aveiro
publisher.none.fl_str_mv UA Editora - Universidade de Aveiro
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Forma Breve; No 19 (2023): A fúria de Aquiles: as faces da guerra; 343-354
Forma Breve; n.º 19 (2023): A fúria de Aquiles: as faces da guerra; 343-354
2183-4709
1645-927X
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