Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/1822/73111 |
Resumo: | In the last decades, land-use changes have made Mediterranean forests highly susceptible to wildfires, which can cause several impacts not only on burnt areas, but also on adjacent aquatic ecosystems. Post-fire runoff from burnt areas may transport toxic substances to streams by surface runoff, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals, which can be noxious to aquatic organisms. Impacts on aquatic ecosystems can be related to fire severity, forest type and the exposure period; however, these factors have not been investigated in tandem. Here, we used the stream detrital system to determine the impacts of post-fire runoffs and stream water from a burnt catchment on trophic interactions between stream microbial communities and invertebrate shredders involved in leaf litter decomposition. Three distinct types of samples were collected from a burnt catchment: post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires in Pinus and Eucalyptus forests, and stream water. Microbial decomposer communities (fungi and bacteria) and the invertebrate shredder Allogamus ligonifer were exposed for 10 and 20 days to increasing concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100%) of runoff extracts. Our results showed that post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires reduced microbially-driven leaf litter decomposition (up to 79%), invertebrate feeding (up to 75%), fungal biomass (up to 39%) and altered community composition; effects were more severe at the longer exposure time. The impacts varied with the runoff source and were related to the chemical composition in metals and total PAHs. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the indirect effects of wildfires taking into account the effects of the runoff source, load and exposure time on freshwater biota and their ecological functions. Therefore, best forest management practices should be applied to minimize post-fire runoffs reaching aquatic ecosystems and to reduce the effects of these extreme events on freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. |
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Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest typeWildfiresPost-fire runoffPlant litter decompositionTrophic interactionStreamsCiências Naturais::Ciências BiológicasScience & TechnologyIn the last decades, land-use changes have made Mediterranean forests highly susceptible to wildfires, which can cause several impacts not only on burnt areas, but also on adjacent aquatic ecosystems. Post-fire runoff from burnt areas may transport toxic substances to streams by surface runoff, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals, which can be noxious to aquatic organisms. Impacts on aquatic ecosystems can be related to fire severity, forest type and the exposure period; however, these factors have not been investigated in tandem. Here, we used the stream detrital system to determine the impacts of post-fire runoffs and stream water from a burnt catchment on trophic interactions between stream microbial communities and invertebrate shredders involved in leaf litter decomposition. Three distinct types of samples were collected from a burnt catchment: post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires in Pinus and Eucalyptus forests, and stream water. Microbial decomposer communities (fungi and bacteria) and the invertebrate shredder Allogamus ligonifer were exposed for 10 and 20 days to increasing concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100%) of runoff extracts. Our results showed that post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires reduced microbially-driven leaf litter decomposition (up to 79%), invertebrate feeding (up to 75%), fungal biomass (up to 39%) and altered community composition; effects were more severe at the longer exposure time. The impacts varied with the runoff source and were related to the chemical composition in metals and total PAHs. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the indirect effects of wildfires taking into account the effects of the runoff source, load and exposure time on freshwater biota and their ecological functions. Therefore, best forest management practices should be applied to minimize post-fire runoffs reaching aquatic ecosystems and to reduce the effects of these extreme events on freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.This work was supported by the strategic programmes UID/BIA/04050/2019 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569), UID/AMB/50017 (POCI-01–0145-FEDER-007638) and (UID/AMB/50017/2019), funded by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation For Science and Technology (FCT) I.P. and by the ERDF through the COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI). FEDER-POFC-POCI-COMPETE and FCT supported this work (PIDDAC - PEst-OE/BIA/UI4050/2014, PTDC/AAG-GLO/4176/2012, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028936, SFRH/BD/119957/2016 and PTDC/CTA-AMB/28936/2017).ElsevierUniversidade do MinhoCarvalho, Francisco André CostaPradhan, ArunavaAbrantes, Nelson José CabaçosCampos,IsabelKeizer, Jan JacobCássio, FernandaPascoal, Cláudia20192019-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/1822/73111engCarvalho, F., Pradhan, A., Abrantes, N., Campos, I., Keizer, J. J., Cássio, F., & Pascoal, C. (2019). Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type. Science of the Total Environment, 692, 691-700. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.2650048-96971879-102610.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.26531539977https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719333790info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:16:26Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/73111Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:08:57.898561Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
title |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
spellingShingle |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type Carvalho, Francisco André Costa Wildfires Post-fire runoff Plant litter decomposition Trophic interaction Streams Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas Science & Technology |
title_short |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
title_full |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
title_fullStr |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
title_sort |
Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type |
author |
Carvalho, Francisco André Costa |
author_facet |
Carvalho, Francisco André Costa Pradhan, Arunava Abrantes, Nelson José Cabaços Campos,Isabel Keizer, Jan Jacob Cássio, Fernanda Pascoal, Cláudia |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pradhan, Arunava Abrantes, Nelson José Cabaços Campos,Isabel Keizer, Jan Jacob Cássio, Fernanda Pascoal, Cláudia |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade do Minho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, Francisco André Costa Pradhan, Arunava Abrantes, Nelson José Cabaços Campos,Isabel Keizer, Jan Jacob Cássio, Fernanda Pascoal, Cláudia |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Wildfires Post-fire runoff Plant litter decomposition Trophic interaction Streams Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas Science & Technology |
topic |
Wildfires Post-fire runoff Plant litter decomposition Trophic interaction Streams Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas Science & Technology |
description |
In the last decades, land-use changes have made Mediterranean forests highly susceptible to wildfires, which can cause several impacts not only on burnt areas, but also on adjacent aquatic ecosystems. Post-fire runoff from burnt areas may transport toxic substances to streams by surface runoff, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals, which can be noxious to aquatic organisms. Impacts on aquatic ecosystems can be related to fire severity, forest type and the exposure period; however, these factors have not been investigated in tandem. Here, we used the stream detrital system to determine the impacts of post-fire runoffs and stream water from a burnt catchment on trophic interactions between stream microbial communities and invertebrate shredders involved in leaf litter decomposition. Three distinct types of samples were collected from a burnt catchment: post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires in Pinus and Eucalyptus forests, and stream water. Microbial decomposer communities (fungi and bacteria) and the invertebrate shredder Allogamus ligonifer were exposed for 10 and 20 days to increasing concentrations (0, 50, 75 and 100%) of runoff extracts. Our results showed that post-fire runoffs from high severity wildfires reduced microbially-driven leaf litter decomposition (up to 79%), invertebrate feeding (up to 75%), fungal biomass (up to 39%) and altered community composition; effects were more severe at the longer exposure time. The impacts varied with the runoff source and were related to the chemical composition in metals and total PAHs. This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the indirect effects of wildfires taking into account the effects of the runoff source, load and exposure time on freshwater biota and their ecological functions. Therefore, best forest management practices should be applied to minimize post-fire runoffs reaching aquatic ecosystems and to reduce the effects of these extreme events on freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1822/73111 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1822/73111 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, F., Pradhan, A., Abrantes, N., Campos, I., Keizer, J. J., Cássio, F., & Pascoal, C. (2019). Wildfire impacts on freshwater detrital food webs depend on runoff load, exposure time and burnt forest type. Science of the Total Environment, 692, 691-700. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.265 0048-9697 1879-1026 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.265 31539977 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969719333790 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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