Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Dias, L.S.
Data de Publicação: 2005
Outros Autores: Dias, A.S.
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143
Resumo: Raphanus raphanistrum L. (wild radish) is an important weed of grain crops worldwide. Allelopathic activity against several species has been reported in association with wild radish shoots and wild radish-amended soils. Therefore, assuming that allelopathy is an important and primary trait of wild radish weediness, two hypotheses can be derived: 1) high levels of phytoactivity of wild radish against crops where it ranks high as a weed are to be expected and 2) synergy of effects between compounds extracted from leaves and stems should also be widespread given the advantage provided by the lesser investment needed to attain the same result. Wild radish leaves (L), stems (S), and leaves plus stems (LS) were grounded, extracted with distilled water and bioassayed in wheat and oat germination and early growth to test these hypotheses. In wheat, germination was reduced by the three extracts, root growth by L- and LS-extract, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by S- and LS-extract. In oat, germination was unaffected, root growth reduced by the three extracts, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by the three extracts. Germination is only reduced in wheat, by as much as 61%, while early root growth of wheat and oat is strongly reduced by as much as 76% in wheat and 81% in oat, strongly supporting the first hypothesis. Conversely, no support was found for the second hypothesis. Synergy between leaf and shoot extracts of wild radish never occurred, only antagonism and zero interactions were found, with antagonism more frequent and more intense in wheat than in oat. Therefore, important as it may be for its success as a weed, allelopathy is very likely to be a by-product of other primary and more important roles of secondary metabolites produced by wild radish.
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spelling Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oatAllelopathyRaphanus raphanistrum L. (wild radish) is an important weed of grain crops worldwide. Allelopathic activity against several species has been reported in association with wild radish shoots and wild radish-amended soils. Therefore, assuming that allelopathy is an important and primary trait of wild radish weediness, two hypotheses can be derived: 1) high levels of phytoactivity of wild radish against crops where it ranks high as a weed are to be expected and 2) synergy of effects between compounds extracted from leaves and stems should also be widespread given the advantage provided by the lesser investment needed to attain the same result. Wild radish leaves (L), stems (S), and leaves plus stems (LS) were grounded, extracted with distilled water and bioassayed in wheat and oat germination and early growth to test these hypotheses. In wheat, germination was reduced by the three extracts, root growth by L- and LS-extract, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by S- and LS-extract. In oat, germination was unaffected, root growth reduced by the three extracts, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by the three extracts. Germination is only reduced in wheat, by as much as 61%, while early root growth of wheat and oat is strongly reduced by as much as 76% in wheat and 81% in oat, strongly supporting the first hypothesis. Conversely, no support was found for the second hypothesis. Synergy between leaf and shoot extracts of wild radish never occurred, only antagonism and zero interactions were found, with antagonism more frequent and more intense in wheat than in oat. Therefore, important as it may be for its success as a weed, allelopathy is very likely to be a by-product of other primary and more important roles of secondary metabolites produced by wild radish.2012-01-09T16:09:27Z2012-01-092005-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143engDias LS, Dias AS 2005. Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat. X Congresso Brasileiro de Fisiologia Vegetal, XII Congresso Latino Americano de Fisiologia Vegetal, 5 pp.lsdias@uevora.ptnd221Dias, L.S.Dias, A.S.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-03T18:40:06Zoai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/3143Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T00:58:40.814279Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
title Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
spellingShingle Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
Dias, L.S.
Allelopathy
title_short Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
title_full Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
title_fullStr Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
title_full_unstemmed Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
title_sort Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat
author Dias, L.S.
author_facet Dias, L.S.
Dias, A.S.
author_role author
author2 Dias, A.S.
author2_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Dias, L.S.
Dias, A.S.
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Allelopathy
topic Allelopathy
description Raphanus raphanistrum L. (wild radish) is an important weed of grain crops worldwide. Allelopathic activity against several species has been reported in association with wild radish shoots and wild radish-amended soils. Therefore, assuming that allelopathy is an important and primary trait of wild radish weediness, two hypotheses can be derived: 1) high levels of phytoactivity of wild radish against crops where it ranks high as a weed are to be expected and 2) synergy of effects between compounds extracted from leaves and stems should also be widespread given the advantage provided by the lesser investment needed to attain the same result. Wild radish leaves (L), stems (S), and leaves plus stems (LS) were grounded, extracted with distilled water and bioassayed in wheat and oat germination and early growth to test these hypotheses. In wheat, germination was reduced by the three extracts, root growth by L- and LS-extract, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by S- and LS-extract. In oat, germination was unaffected, root growth reduced by the three extracts, leaf growth was unaffected, and leaf/root length ratio increased by the three extracts. Germination is only reduced in wheat, by as much as 61%, while early root growth of wheat and oat is strongly reduced by as much as 76% in wheat and 81% in oat, strongly supporting the first hypothesis. Conversely, no support was found for the second hypothesis. Synergy between leaf and shoot extracts of wild radish never occurred, only antagonism and zero interactions were found, with antagonism more frequent and more intense in wheat than in oat. Therefore, important as it may be for its success as a weed, allelopathy is very likely to be a by-product of other primary and more important roles of secondary metabolites produced by wild radish.
publishDate 2005
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z
2012-01-09T16:09:27Z
2012-01-09
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143
http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143
url http://hdl.handle.net/10174/3143
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Dias LS, Dias AS 2005. Allelopathic effects of Raphanus raphanistrum and interactions of effects on wheat and oat. X Congresso Brasileiro de Fisiologia Vegetal, XII Congresso Latino Americano de Fisiologia Vegetal, 5 pp.
lsdias@uevora.pt
nd
221
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