Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Aslam, Aqsa
Data de Publicação: 2019
Outros Autores: Santos, Pedro M., Santos, Frederico Miguel, Almeida, Luis
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15281
Resumo: Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) enable vehicles to exchange information on traffic conditions, dynamic status and localization, to enhance road safety and transportation efficiency. A typical VANET application is platooning, which can take advantage of exchanging information on speed, heading and position to allow shorter inter-vehicle distances without compromising safety. However, the platooning performance depends drastically on the quality of the communication channel, which in turn is highly influenced by the medium access control protocol (MAC). Currently, VANETs use the IEEE 802.11p MAC, which follows a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) policy that is prone to collisions and degrades significantly with network load. This has led to recent proposals for a time-division multiple access (TDMA)-based MAC that synchronize vehicles’ beacons to prevent or reduce collisions. In this paper, we take CSMA/CA and two TDMA-based overlay protocols, i.e., deployed over CSMA/CA, namely PLEXE-slotted and RA-TDMAp, and carry out extensive simulations with varying platoon sizes, number of occupied lanes and transmit power to deduce empirical models that provide estimates of average number of collisions per second and average busy time ratio. In particular, we show that these estimates can be obtained from observing the number of radio-frequency (RF) neighbours, i.e., number of distinct sources of the packets received by each vehicle per time unit. These estimates can enhance the online adaptation of distributed applications, particularly platooning control, to varying conditions of the communication channel.
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spelling Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning ApplicationsVANETsIEEE 802.11p MACOverlay TDMAEmpirical modelsVehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) enable vehicles to exchange information on traffic conditions, dynamic status and localization, to enhance road safety and transportation efficiency. A typical VANET application is platooning, which can take advantage of exchanging information on speed, heading and position to allow shorter inter-vehicle distances without compromising safety. However, the platooning performance depends drastically on the quality of the communication channel, which in turn is highly influenced by the medium access control protocol (MAC). Currently, VANETs use the IEEE 802.11p MAC, which follows a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) policy that is prone to collisions and degrades significantly with network load. This has led to recent proposals for a time-division multiple access (TDMA)-based MAC that synchronize vehicles’ beacons to prevent or reduce collisions. In this paper, we take CSMA/CA and two TDMA-based overlay protocols, i.e., deployed over CSMA/CA, namely PLEXE-slotted and RA-TDMAp, and carry out extensive simulations with varying platoon sizes, number of occupied lanes and transmit power to deduce empirical models that provide estimates of average number of collisions per second and average busy time ratio. In particular, we show that these estimates can be obtained from observing the number of radio-frequency (RF) neighbours, i.e., number of distinct sources of the packets received by each vehicle per time unit. These estimates can enhance the online adaptation of distributed applications, particularly platooning control, to varying conditions of the communication channel.MDPIRepositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do PortoAslam, AqsaSantos, Pedro M.Santos, Frederico MiguelAlmeida, Luis2020-01-16T11:50:34Z20192019-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15281eng2079-929210.3390/electronics8111334info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-03-13T12:59:13Zoai:recipp.ipp.pt:10400.22/15281Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T17:35:02.091203Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
title Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
spellingShingle Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
Aslam, Aqsa
VANETs
IEEE 802.11p MAC
Overlay TDMA
Empirical models
title_short Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
title_full Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
title_fullStr Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
title_full_unstemmed Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
title_sort Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications
author Aslam, Aqsa
author_facet Aslam, Aqsa
Santos, Pedro M.
Santos, Frederico Miguel
Almeida, Luis
author_role author
author2 Santos, Pedro M.
Santos, Frederico Miguel
Almeida, Luis
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Aslam, Aqsa
Santos, Pedro M.
Santos, Frederico Miguel
Almeida, Luis
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv VANETs
IEEE 802.11p MAC
Overlay TDMA
Empirical models
topic VANETs
IEEE 802.11p MAC
Overlay TDMA
Empirical models
description Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) enable vehicles to exchange information on traffic conditions, dynamic status and localization, to enhance road safety and transportation efficiency. A typical VANET application is platooning, which can take advantage of exchanging information on speed, heading and position to allow shorter inter-vehicle distances without compromising safety. However, the platooning performance depends drastically on the quality of the communication channel, which in turn is highly influenced by the medium access control protocol (MAC). Currently, VANETs use the IEEE 802.11p MAC, which follows a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) policy that is prone to collisions and degrades significantly with network load. This has led to recent proposals for a time-division multiple access (TDMA)-based MAC that synchronize vehicles’ beacons to prevent or reduce collisions. In this paper, we take CSMA/CA and two TDMA-based overlay protocols, i.e., deployed over CSMA/CA, namely PLEXE-slotted and RA-TDMAp, and carry out extensive simulations with varying platoon sizes, number of occupied lanes and transmit power to deduce empirical models that provide estimates of average number of collisions per second and average busy time ratio. In particular, we show that these estimates can be obtained from observing the number of radio-frequency (RF) neighbours, i.e., number of distinct sources of the packets received by each vehicle per time unit. These estimates can enhance the online adaptation of distributed applications, particularly platooning control, to varying conditions of the communication channel.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
2020-01-16T11:50:34Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15281
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15281
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 2079-9292
10.3390/electronics8111334
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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