BIOMEQUIZ : validation of a food questionnaire to select stool donors

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Rita de Cássia Rodrigues Dias
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/156149
• topic: Diet; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Food questionnaire; Gut Microbiota; Stool Donor; Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas

ABSTRACT Background: The success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for other pathologies beyond recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is dependent on the gut microbiota (GM) diversity of the donor. Diet is one of the most important factors that impact GM diversity. Nevertheless, the dietary pattern of stool donors is not taken in consideration in any orientation for FMT. Objective: This study aims to develop a food questionnaire to be used in the screening of potential stool donors to increase the quality of the microbiota to be transplanted. Methodology: The BIOMEQUIZ study was an observational, cross-sectional study that recruited individuals aged 18-35 years with a body mass index between 18.5 – 24.9 kg/m2 . Body composition was evaluated using the inBody770. Gut microbiota analysis was performed through DNA extraction from stool and 16S rRNA sequencing. BIOMEQUIZ, an indirect questionnaire, that included 30 questions regarding the frequency and amount of consumption of certain foods known to be related to the composition of the GM, including Mediterranean diet adherence screening (MEDAS) questions, was applied to all participants. Logistic regression models were used to identify the main questions that predicted the gut microbiota diversity of the donor. Results: 45 potential stool donors were enrolled in this study but only 39 provided the fecal samples. The gut microbiota diversity (Shannon diversity index) and richness (Chao1 index) of participants were 4.797 and 137.000, respectively. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was not associated with increased gut microbiota diversity. Consumption of pulses, coffee and preference for artificial sweeteners were the main predictors of a higher Shannon’s diversity index (4.8) in the adjusted multivariable logistic regression model developed with 85,0% of specificity. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the BIOMEQUIZ derived model may potentially be a valid tool to access GM quality of potential stool donors and reinforce the importance of including this type of assessment in FMT protocols, knowing the impact of diet on the GM.