Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis
Data de Publicação: 2023
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/63012
Resumo: Tese de mestrado, Biologia dos Recursos Vegetais , 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
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spelling Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural ParkRestauro ecológico de pedreirasserviços de ecossistema de regulaçãodeteção remotaatributos funcionaisParque Natural da ArrábidaTeses de mestrado - 2023Departamento de Biologia VegetalTese de mestrado, Biologia dos Recursos Vegetais , 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de CiênciasRegulating ecosystem services (ES) are important for sustaining life on Earth, as they maintain the integrity of ecosystems and benefit human well-being. However, anthropogenic activities like quarrying put these services under great pressure by reducing biodiversity and extensively damaging the soil. Thus, restoration actions are necessary to recover these highly degraded areas and the ES they provide, and are one of the main focuses of the current “Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2023)” declared by the United Nations. However, the success of most restoration interventions remains unknown or is typically assessed solely through spatially-limited local approaches e.g. field sampling. In contrast, remote sensing (RS) repeatedly records and assesses changes in ecosystem characteristics at different spatial (and temporal) scales and can be combined with field data to produce valuable models and maps for large areas that can support adaptive management decisions. This dissertation aimed to evaluate the success of the ecological restoration of a quarry located within the Arrábida Natural Park, a protected area in Portugal with a high ecological value that served as this study's reference ecosystem. For this, field and RS data were combined to assess key ecosystem attributes which are closely linked with several ES. Furthermore, field and RS data were used to analyse the trajectory over time (based on a chronosequence) and evaluate the restoration success through statistical analysis, modelling, and mapping of the ecosystem attributes. The restoration intervention mode applied in each site was also taken into consideration. Overall, ecosystem recovery in the SECIL-Outão quarry was incomplete. Most studied attributes and associated ES did not resemble or had values below those of the reference ecosystem (e.g. soil carbon sequestration, soil fertility, habitat quality, resilience to fire and drought). Moreover, the hypothesis that older restored quarry areas would be closer than recent ones to providing the same regulating ES as the reference ecosystem was only observed for some attributes. Additionally, the recovery trajectory differed between ecosystem attributes. While some variables showed positive signs of improvement with restoration age (e.g. seedling density), the majority showed a stabilisation 15-20 years after restoration (e.g. productivity, soil decomposition, species similarity with the reference ecosystem). Furthermore, there was a decrease over time in several ecosystem functioning indicators, which might negatively affect the restored ecosystem’s functioning and resilience. In the older plantations at the limestone benches, pine cover seems to contribute to slow decomposition rates and decreased functional diversity, which might negatively affect ecosystem functioning and the quality of ES. This indicates limitations in the restored ecosystem, possibly due to the high competition and exhaustion of limited resources caused by the high Aleppo pine cover in the older restored areas. Furthermore, ecosystem resilience variables were negatively affected by pine cover, such as the proportion of resprouters (resilient to fire) or sclerophyll vegetation (resilient to drought). This tendency is particularly worrying in a climate change scenario, where higher fire frequency and severe droughts are expected. The pollination service estimated through flowering duration and entomophily was also negatively affected by pine cover. Thus, older restored sites might be in a vulnerable state due to their decreasing resilience and pollination services, which could jeopardise restoration efforts in case of future disturbances, calling the need for adaptive management actions. Since the high pine cover became an obstacle to the progression of the plant community in the direction of the reference system, pine thinning is highly recommended to promote key functional traits and ecosystem functioning, resilience, and biotic fluxes.On the other hand, shrub density in the restored sites proved to be very important in increasing species similarity with the reference ecosystem, taxonomic and functional diversity, and seedling density. Therefore, these results emphasise the importance of using native shrub species in the recovery of the quarry locations. Additionally, interventions that promote higher native shrub densities are highly suggested to improve the functioning, resilience, and self-maintenance of the restored areas, especially in the hydroseeded slopes where herbaceous cover is dominant and similarity to the reference is low. Furthermore, the produced maps provided estimates for the spatial distribution of several ecological variables and ES, indicating which areas are more in need of adaptive management actions. Their estimates were overall comparable with the statistical analysis of the different intervention modes and the recovery success index calculated for each ecosystem attribute (which considered the different intervention modes and zone types). Therefore, the multiple maps created by statistical models supported the hypothesis that RS data, together with field data, allow upscaling information and the creation of valuable models that can be used to produce spatial information at the landscape scale. In conclusion, this study found that the restored ecosystem differs from its reference model and the ES it provides, even after 30 years of restoration. Furthermore, these findings endorse the idea that ecological restoration should not be viewed as a substitute for conservation, nor should the promise of restoration be used to justify further destruction or unsustainable use, as restoration may not succeed in re-establishing the full assemblage of native species or the full extent of the original ecosystem’s structure and function.Nunes, Alice Maria Rodrigues, 1975-Oliveira, Maria Alexandra Soares Gomes Cardoso de, 1980-Repositório da Universidade de LisboaMendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis2024-02-28T16:02:14Z202320232023-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/63012enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-04T01:20:57Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/63012Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:12:33.322903Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
title Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
spellingShingle Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
Mendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis
Restauro ecológico de pedreiras
serviços de ecossistema de regulação
deteção remota
atributos funcionais
Parque Natural da Arrábida
Teses de mestrado - 2023
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal
title_short Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
title_full Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
title_fullStr Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
title_sort Evaluating ecological restoration success by mapping regulating ecosystem services based on field and remote sensing approaches: a case study in Arrábida Natural Park
author Mendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis
author_facet Mendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Nunes, Alice Maria Rodrigues, 1975-
Oliveira, Maria Alexandra Soares Gomes Cardoso de, 1980-
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Mendes, Cláudia Alexandra Reis
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Restauro ecológico de pedreiras
serviços de ecossistema de regulação
deteção remota
atributos funcionais
Parque Natural da Arrábida
Teses de mestrado - 2023
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal
topic Restauro ecológico de pedreiras
serviços de ecossistema de regulação
deteção remota
atributos funcionais
Parque Natural da Arrábida
Teses de mestrado - 2023
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal
description Tese de mestrado, Biologia dos Recursos Vegetais , 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023
2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
2024-02-28T16:02:14Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/63012
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/63012
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron_str RCAAP
institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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