Direct realism in Tomás de Aquino's theory of intellectual cognition: analysis and objections

• Autor(a) principal: Damasceno Linhares, Gilson
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.4000/medievalista.3341
• topic: Thomas Aquinas, Concept; Object; Identity; Intellect; Thing; Tomás de Aquino, Conceito; Objeto; Identidade; Intelecto; Coisa

This text aims at an introductory presentation of the interpretative hypothesis of direct realism, with regard to the relationship between the concept and the object, in Thomasian gnosiology. Direct realism raises the hypothesis that there is a formal identity relationship between the species intelligibilis / concept and the external thing. Due to this thesis of formal identity, we must deny that such entities are intermediaries between the intellect and the thing. Therefore, the denial of an intermediate mental entity would exclude a representationalist interpretation. After analyzing the main theses of direct realism, we intend to propose some objections to these. We will object to the central thesis of formal identity and its basis, namely, the common form.   Bibliography Sources Thomas Aquinas in English. Org. Joseph Kenny. Dominican House of Philosophy, 1963. Versão eletrônica disponível em http://www.dhspriory.org/thomas/ TOMÁS DE AQUINO – Comentário ao Tratado da Trindade de Boécio. Trad. Carlos Arthur Ribeiro do Nascimento. São Paulo: Fundação Editora da UNESP, 1998. TOMÁS DE AQUINO – Corpus Thomisticum. Org. Enrique Alárcon. Panplona: Universidade de Navarra, 200. Versão eletrônica disponível em http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/iopera.html. TOMÁS DE AQUINO – O ente e a essência. Trad.: Mário Santiago de Carvalho, Covilhão: LusoSofia, 2008. TOMÁS DE AQUINO – Questões Disputadas sobre a Alma. Trad. Luiz Astroga. São Paulo: Realizações, 2012. TOMÁS DE AQUINO – Suma contra os gentios. 2 vols. Trad. D. Odilão Moura. Porto Alegre: Sulina, 1990. TOMÁS DE AQUINO – Suma teológica. Primeira parte. v. I e II. Trad. Carlos Josaphat. São Paulo: Loyola, 2001. Studies DAVIES, Brian (ed.) – Thomas Aquinas. Contemporary philosophical perspectives Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. HALDANE, John – “Aquinas on Sense-Perception”. The Philosophical Review 92:2 (1983), pp. 233-239. HOFFMAN, Paul – “Direct Realism, Intentionality and the Objective Being of Ideas”. Pacific Philosophical Quartely 83 (2002), pp. 163-179. JANUNZI NETO, Antonio – Tomás de Aquino e a viabilidade do Realismo Direto: questões sobre a natura communis. Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2017. Tese de Doutoramento. KENNY, Anthony – Aquinas: A collection of critical essays. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Books, 1969. KENNY, Anthony – Aquinas on Mind. New York: Routledge, 1994. KENNY, Anthony – Aquinas on Being. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. KENNY, Anthony – “Intentionality: Aquinas and Wittgenstein”. In DAVIES, Brian (ed.) – Thomas Aquinas. Contemporary Philosophical Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 243-256. KRETZMANN, Norman – “Infallibility, error, and ignorance”. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 21, suppementary volume 27 (1991), pp. 159-194. KRETZMANN, Norman – “Philosophy of mind”. in KRETZMANN, Norman: STUMP, Eleonore (org.) – The Cambridge companion to Aquinas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1993, pp. 128-159. KRETZMANN, Norman – The Metaphysics of Creation. Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press, 2005. KRETZMANN, Norman; STUMP, Eleonore (org.) – The Cambridge companion to Aquinas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. LANDIM FILHO, Raúl F. – “Tomás de Aquino: Realista Direto?”. Analytica 15:2 (2011), pp. 13-38. PASNAU, Robert – The Identity of Knower and Known. Chicago/Illinois: American Philosophical Association Central Division, April 25, 1996. Disponível em https://faculty.fordham.edu/klima/APAPasnau.htm PERLER, Dominik – “Essentialism and Direct Realism: Some Late Medieval Perspectives”. Topoi 19 (2000), pp. 111-122. SPRUIT, Leen – Species Intelligibilis: From Perception to Knowlegde. Leiden: Brill, 1994. STUMP, Eleonore – Aquinas. London: Routledge, 2003. TORRELL, Jean-Pierre – Iniciação a Santo Tomás de Aquino: segundo sua pessoa e obra. Tradução de Luiz Paulo Rouanet. 2º ed. São Paulo: Loyola, 1999.