Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989 |
Resumo: | Social media platforms act as networked gatekeepers—by ranking, channeling, promoting, censoring, and deleting content they hold power to facilitate or hinder information flows. One of the mechanisms they use is content moderation, or the enforcement of which content is allowed or disallowed on the platform. Though content moderation relies on users’ labor to identify content to delete, users have little capacity to influence content policies or enforcement. Despite this, some social media users are turning to collective action campaigns, redirecting information flows by subverting the activities of moderators, raising the visibility of otherwise hidden moderation practices, and organizing constituencies in opposition to content policies. Drawing on the example of the campaign to change Facebook’s nudity policy, this paper examines the strategies and tactics of users turning to collective action, considering which factors are most influential in determining the success or failure of a campaign. It finds that network gatekeeping salience is a good model for assessing which collective action efforts are most likely to be effective in achieving individual user goals. This indicates that the users who are already most able to harness the attention economy of social media platforms are more likely to successfully navigate the content moderation process. The analysis concludes by attending to what users might learn from the dynamics of network gatekeeping as they seek to resist the asymmetrical power relations of platforms. |
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Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platformscollective action; content moderation; network gatekeeping; platforms; social mediaSocial media platforms act as networked gatekeepers—by ranking, channeling, promoting, censoring, and deleting content they hold power to facilitate or hinder information flows. One of the mechanisms they use is content moderation, or the enforcement of which content is allowed or disallowed on the platform. Though content moderation relies on users’ labor to identify content to delete, users have little capacity to influence content policies or enforcement. Despite this, some social media users are turning to collective action campaigns, redirecting information flows by subverting the activities of moderators, raising the visibility of otherwise hidden moderation practices, and organizing constituencies in opposition to content policies. Drawing on the example of the campaign to change Facebook’s nudity policy, this paper examines the strategies and tactics of users turning to collective action, considering which factors are most influential in determining the success or failure of a campaign. It finds that network gatekeeping salience is a good model for assessing which collective action efforts are most likely to be effective in achieving individual user goals. This indicates that the users who are already most able to harness the attention economy of social media platforms are more likely to successfully navigate the content moderation process. The analysis concludes by attending to what users might learn from the dynamics of network gatekeeping as they seek to resist the asymmetrical power relations of platforms.Cogitatio2017-09-22info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/989Media and Communication; Vol 5, No 3 (2017): Acting on Media: Influencing, Shaping and (Re)Configuring the Fabric of Everyday Life; 28-362183-2439reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPenghttps://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/989https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/989/989Copyright (c) 2017 Sarah Myers Westhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessWest, Sarah Myers2022-12-20T10:57:33Zoai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/989Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:20:17.922372Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
title |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
spellingShingle |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms West, Sarah Myers collective action; content moderation; network gatekeeping; platforms; social media |
title_short |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
title_full |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
title_fullStr |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
title_sort |
Raging Against the Machine: Network Gatekeeping and Collective Action on Social Media Platforms |
author |
West, Sarah Myers |
author_facet |
West, Sarah Myers |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
West, Sarah Myers |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
collective action; content moderation; network gatekeeping; platforms; social media |
topic |
collective action; content moderation; network gatekeeping; platforms; social media |
description |
Social media platforms act as networked gatekeepers—by ranking, channeling, promoting, censoring, and deleting content they hold power to facilitate or hinder information flows. One of the mechanisms they use is content moderation, or the enforcement of which content is allowed or disallowed on the platform. Though content moderation relies on users’ labor to identify content to delete, users have little capacity to influence content policies or enforcement. Despite this, some social media users are turning to collective action campaigns, redirecting information flows by subverting the activities of moderators, raising the visibility of otherwise hidden moderation practices, and organizing constituencies in opposition to content policies. Drawing on the example of the campaign to change Facebook’s nudity policy, this paper examines the strategies and tactics of users turning to collective action, considering which factors are most influential in determining the success or failure of a campaign. It finds that network gatekeeping salience is a good model for assessing which collective action efforts are most likely to be effective in achieving individual user goals. This indicates that the users who are already most able to harness the attention economy of social media platforms are more likely to successfully navigate the content moderation process. The analysis concludes by attending to what users might learn from the dynamics of network gatekeeping as they seek to resist the asymmetrical power relations of platforms. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-09-22 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989 oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/989 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989 |
identifier_str_mv |
oai:ojs.cogitatiopress.com:article/989 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/989 https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v5i3.989 https://www.cogitatiopress.com/mediaandcommunication/article/view/989/989 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Sarah Myers West http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Sarah Myers West http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Cogitatio |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Media and Communication; Vol 5, No 3 (2017): Acting on Media: Influencing, Shaping and (Re)Configuring the Fabric of Everyday Life; 28-36 2183-2439 reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799130651755020288 |