Prostate Gland Infections and Inflammation

• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Marta Serafim Melo
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/8696
• topic: Prostate Gland Infections; Prostate Gland Inflammation; Prostatitis; Prostatitis Classification; Prostatitis Treatment; Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Medicina

Prostatitis is the third most common urinary tract disease in men after prostate cancer and benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and represents 25% of all urological office visits. The high frequency amongst male population makes prostatitis a serious health problem that physicians in general should be aware of. Prostatitis patients usually complain of dysuria, dribbling or hesitancy and urgency. Urinary symptoms are usually combined with cloudy or even bloody urine and pain (lower abdomen, groin and perineum). In some cases patients present with flu-like symptoms and signs. The different spectrum of presentation is currently grouped in four distinct categories (acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, chronic pelvic pain syndrome and asymptomatic) that combine symptoms and etiology. Despite the current knowledge about this highly frequent clinical entity there’s no gold standard therapy which often leads to an empiric approach. Unfortunately, the clinical outcomes are poor and future treatments aim to phenotypically characterize this entity and provide patients with best treatment possible. There is a clear need for awareness to properly diagnose prostatitis patients and further research is required to identify potential new strategies for treatment and eventual chemoprevention in high-risk subgroup of patients. This review aims to incorporate updated knowledge about diagnostics and therapy.