ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567 |
Resumo: | Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines. |
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ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisESAT-6ESX-1Virulence factorsPhoPR signal transductionHost-pathogen interactionsTB vaccinesTB diagnosisMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines.Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica PortuguesaAnes, ElsaPires, DavidMandal, ManojAzevedo-Pereira, José Miguel2023-07-05T10:23:05Z2023-06-092023-06-09T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567eng2218-273X10.3390/biom1306096885163867874PMC1029627537371548001014372700001info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-25T01:39:14Zoai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/41567Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T18:34:14.450587Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
title |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
spellingShingle |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis Anes, Elsa Tuberculosis ESAT-6 ESX-1 Virulence factors PhoPR signal transduction Host-pathogen interactions TB vaccines TB diagnosis |
title_short |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
title_full |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
title_fullStr |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
title_sort |
ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis |
author |
Anes, Elsa |
author_facet |
Anes, Elsa Pires, David Mandal, Manoj Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pires, David Mandal, Manoj Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Anes, Elsa Pires, David Mandal, Manoj Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tuberculosis ESAT-6 ESX-1 Virulence factors PhoPR signal transduction Host-pathogen interactions TB vaccines TB diagnosis |
topic |
Tuberculosis ESAT-6 ESX-1 Virulence factors PhoPR signal transduction Host-pathogen interactions TB vaccines TB diagnosis |
description |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-05T10:23:05Z 2023-06-09 2023-06-09T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
2218-273X 10.3390/biom13060968 85163867874 PMC10296275 37371548 001014372700001 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799132068694720512 |