ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Anes, Elsa
Data de Publicação: 2023
Outros Autores: Pires, David, Mandal, Manoj, Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567
Resumo: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines.
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spelling ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisESAT-6ESX-1Virulence factorsPhoPR signal transductionHost-pathogen interactionsTB vaccinesTB diagnosisMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines.Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica PortuguesaAnes, ElsaPires, DavidMandal, ManojAzevedo-Pereira, José Miguel2023-07-05T10:23:05Z2023-06-092023-06-09T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567eng2218-273X10.3390/biom1306096885163867874PMC1029627537371548001014372700001info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-25T01:39:14Zoai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/41567Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T18:34:14.450587Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
title ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
spellingShingle ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
Anes, Elsa
Tuberculosis
ESAT-6
ESX-1
Virulence factors
PhoPR signal transduction
Host-pathogen interactions
TB vaccines
TB diagnosis
title_short ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_full ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_fullStr ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_full_unstemmed ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_sort ESAT-6 a major virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
author Anes, Elsa
author_facet Anes, Elsa
Pires, David
Mandal, Manoj
Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel
author_role author
author2 Pires, David
Mandal, Manoj
Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Veritati - Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Anes, Elsa
Pires, David
Mandal, Manoj
Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Tuberculosis
ESAT-6
ESX-1
Virulence factors
PhoPR signal transduction
Host-pathogen interactions
TB vaccines
TB diagnosis
topic Tuberculosis
ESAT-6
ESX-1
Virulence factors
PhoPR signal transduction
Host-pathogen interactions
TB vaccines
TB diagnosis
description Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), is one of the most successfully adapted human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arises. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pili, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle, Mtb induces necrotic cell death in macrophages to escape to the extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response that is required for the progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This narrative review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools and vaccines.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-07-05T10:23:05Z
2023-06-09
2023-06-09T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567
url http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/41567
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 2218-273X
10.3390/biom13060968
85163867874
PMC10296275
37371548
001014372700001
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
instacron:RCAAP
instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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institution RCAAP
reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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